Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezintsha ze-Energy ziku-Swing ezigcwele, futhi impikiswano yokugcwaliswa kwamandla futhi iba ngolunye lwezingqinamba lapho imboni inake kakhulu. Ngenkathi wonke umuntu ephikisana nezinzuzo zokushintshana ngokweqile kanye nokubhukuda kwebhethri, kukhona "uhlelo C" lokushaja izimoto ezintsha zamandla?
Mhlawumbe ethonywe ukushaja kwama-Smartphones angenantambo, ukushaja kwezimoto ezingenantambo kuye kwaba ngomunye wobuchwepheshe obuye banqobile onjiniyela. Ngokwemibiko yabezindaba, kungekudala, ubuchwepheshe be-car argirless charling buthoni bathola ucwaningo lwempumelelo. Ithimba le-Research and Development bafuna ukuthi i-Charging Charging pad ingadlulisela amandla emotweni ngamandla okukhipha ama-100kw, angakhuphula izinga lokushaja ngebhethri ngo-50%.
Vele, ubuchwepheshe bokushaja wemoto engenantambo abungeyona ubuchwepheshe obusha. Ngokukhuphuka kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla, amabutho ahlukahlukene abelokhu ehlola ukushaja okungenantambo isikhathi eside, kufaka phakathi i-BBA, iVolvo kanye nezinkampani ezahlukahlukene zemoto yasekhaya.
Sekukonke, ubuchwepheshe be-charli engenantambo busekuqaleni busekusekuqaleni kohulumeni basekhaya, futhi ohulumeni abaningi basekhaya nabo bathatha leli thuba ukuhlola amathuba amakhulu okuhamba okuzayo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezinto ezifana nezindleko, amandla, kanye nengqalasizinda, ubuchwepheshe be-charless chargegety busetshenziswe ezentengiselwano ngezinga elikhulu. Kunobunzima obuningi obudinga ukunqotshwa. Indaba entsha mayelana nokushaja okungenantambo ezimotweni akulula ukusho okwamanje.
Njengoba sonke sazi, ukushaja okungenantambo akuyona into entsha embonini yefoni ephathekayo. Ukushaja okungenantambo kwezimoto akuthandwa njengokushaja izingcingo eziphathwayo, kepha sekukhange izinkampani eziningi ukufezekisa lobu buchwepheshe.
Sekukonke, kunezindlela ezine ezisetshenziswayo ezingenantambo ze-wireless: Ukungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic, ukubukeka kwamandla kazibuthe, ukuhlangana kwensimu kagesi, namagagasi omsakazo. Phakathi kwazo, izingcingo nezimoto zikagesi ikakhulukazi zisebenzisa ukungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic kanye ne-magnetic field resonance.
Phakathi kwazo, ukushaja kwe-electromagnetic ukungeniswa kwentambo kusebenzisa umgomo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic we-electromagnetism kanye nobude bokukhiqiza ugesi. Inokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokushaja, kepha ibanga lokushaja elisebenzayo lifushane futhi izidingo zendawo yokushaja nazo ziqinile. Ukukhuluma ngokunethezeka, ukushaja kwe-magnetic resonance wireless kunezidingo eziphansi zendawo kanye nebanga elide lokushaja, elingasekela amasentimitha amaningana kumamitha ambalwa, kepha ukusebenza kahle ukushaja kuphansi kancane kunangaphambili.
Ngakho-ke, ezigabeni zokuqala zokuhlola ubuchwepheshe obungenantambo, izinkampani zezimoto ezithandwa nge-electromagnetic charging chairging technology. Izinkampani ezimele zifaka iBMW, Daimler kanye nezinye izinkampani zemoto. Kusukela lapho, ubuchwepheshe be-magnetic resonance charge technology bukhushulwe kancane kancane, bamelwe ngabahlinzeki bohlelo njenge-Qualcomm kanye nobunikazi.
NgoJulayi 2014, BMW noDaimler (Manje uMercedes-Benz) bamemezele isivumelwano sokubambisana ukuze bathuthukise ubuchwepheshe bokushaja okungenantambo kwezimoto zikagesi. Ngo-2018, iBMW yaqala ukukhiqiza uhlelo lokushaja olungenantambo futhi yakwenza kube yithuluzi lokuzikhethela lemodeli engu-5 yochungechunge lwe-plug-in hybrid. Amandla alo wokushaja alinganiselwe ngu-3.2kw, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kufinyelela ama-85%, futhi kungakhokhiswa ngokuphelele emahoreni angu-3.5.
Ngo-2021, iVolvo izosebenzisa i-XC40 itekisi kagesi ehlanzekile ukuqala izivivinyo zokushaja okungenantambo eSweden. IVolvo isetha ngokukhethekile izindawo zokuhlola eziningi e-Urban Gothenburg, eSweden. Ukushaja izimoto kudingeka kuphela ukupaka amadivaysi angenantambo ahlanganiswe endleleni ukuze aqale ngokuzenzakalelayo umsebenzi wokushaja. IVolvo ithe amandla ayo okushaja okungenantambo angafinyelela ama-40kW, futhi angahamba amakhilomitha ayi-100 ngemizuzu engama-30.
Emkhakheni wokushaja okungenantambo kwezimoto, izwe lami belilokhu liphambili embonini. Ngo-2015, i-China Power Grid Guangxi Electric Electric Amandla Okucwaninga Isikhungo Sezimoto Zokushaja Wezimoto Zokuqala Zokushaja Wezimoto Ezingenantambo Zokushaja. Ngo-2018, uSaic ROWEW wethule imodeli yokuqala kagesi ehlanzekile ngokushaja okungenantambo. I-Faw Hongqi yethule i-Hompiqi E-HS9 exhasa ubuchwepheshe be-wireless ukushaja ngo-2020. NgoMashi 2023, uSaice Zhiji wethule ngokusemthethweni imoto yayo yokushaja eyi-11KW ehlakaniphile eyi-11KW.
Futhi uTesla ungomunye wabahloli emkhakheni wokushaja okungenantambo. NgoJuni 2023, uTesla uchithe ama-US $ 76 million ukuthola i-wiferion futhi aqambe kabusha iTesla Engineering Germany GmbH, ehlela ukuthola ukushaja okungenantambo ngentengo ephansi. Phambilini, i-CEO CEO Musk yaba nesimo esingesihle ngokushaja okungenantambo futhi yagxeka ukushaja okungenantambo ngokuthi "amandla aphansi futhi ayisebenzi". Manje usibiza njengekusasa elithembisayo.
Kuyiqiniso, izinkampani eziningi zezimoto ezinjengeToyota, Honda, Nissan, kanye ne-General Motors nazo zithuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokushaja okungenantambo.
Yize amaqembu amaningi esenze ukuhlola isikhathi eside emkhakheni wokushaja okungenantambo, ubuchwepheshe obungenantambo bezimoto busekude kakhulu ukuba bube ngokoqobo. Isici esisemqoka esivimbela ukukhula kwaso amandla. Thatha i-hongqi e-HS9 njengesibonelo. Ubuchwepheshe be-charge obungenantambo buhlome ngamandla anamandla okukhishwa kwe-10kW, okuphakeme kancane kuphela kunokwenziwa kwamandla we-7kW wenqwaba yokushaja kancane. Amanye amamodeli angathola kuphela uhlelo lokushaja lwe-3.2kW. Ngamanye amagama, akukho lula ukuba kube lula ngokusebenza kahle okunjalo.
Vele, uma amandla okushaja okungenantambo athuthukiswa, kungaba enye indaba. Isibonelo, njengoba kushiwo ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, iqembu lezentuthuko nelokuthuthuka selitholile amandla okukhishwa kwe-100kw, okusho ukuthi uma amandla anjalo okukhipha angatholakala, imoto ingakhokhiswa ngokugcwele ngehora. Yize kunzima ukuqhathanisa nokushaja okukhulu, kusewukhetho olusha lokugcwaliswa kwamandla.
Ngokombono wezimo zokusebenzisa, inzuzo enkulu ye-Automotive Chating Charge Technology ukuncishiswa kwezinyathelo zezandla. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokushaja okwenziwe ngentambo, abanikazi bezimoto badinga ukwenza uchungechunge lokusebenza okufana nokupaka, ukwehla imoto, ukucosha isibhamu, ukuxhumanisa nokushaja, njll lapho bebhekene nemininingwane ehlukahlukene, okuyinqubo ehlukahlukene.
Isimo sokushaja okungenantambo silula kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuthi umshayeli epaka imoto, idivaysi iyayizwa ngokuzenzakalelayo bese iyikhokhise izintambo. Ngemuva kokuthi imoto ikhokhiswe ngokuphelele, imoto ishayela ngokuqondile, futhi umnikazi akadingi ukwenza eminye imisebenzi. Ngokombono wokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi, kuzonikeza nabantu umuzwa wokunethezeka lapho besebenzisa izimoto zikagesi.
Kungani ishaja engenantambo yentambo iheha ukunakwa okungaka Kuvela kumabhizinisi nabaphakeli? Ngokombono wokuthuthuka, ukufika kwenkathi engenasibindi nakho kungaba yisikhathi sokukhula okukhulu kobuchwepheshe bokushaja okungenantambo. Ezimotweni zokushayela ngempela, zidinga ukushaja okungenantambo ukuze kuqedwe imijondolo yezintambo zokushaja.
Ngakho-ke, abaningi abathengisi abashaja banethemba elikhulu ngamathuba okuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokushaja okungenantambo. Ama-Giant Giadons Nokia abikezela ukuthi imakethe yokushaja engenantambo yezimoto zikagesi eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika izofinyelela e-US $ 2 billion ngo-2028. Kuze kube manje, ekuqaleni kukaJuni 20 million ukuthola ama-arvines arvice wokushaja nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezingenantambo.
Abakwa-Nokia bakholelwa ukuthi ukushaja okungenantambo kwezimoto zikagesi kuzoba wukusasa. Ngaphezu kokwenza ukushaja okulula, ukushaja okungenantambo kungenye yezimo ezidingekayo zokuthola ukushayela okuzimele. Uma ngempela sifuna ukwethula izimoto zokuzishayela ezilinganisweni ezinkulu, ubuchwepheshe be-charge obungenantambo bubaluleke kakhulu. Lesi yisinyathelo esibalulekile ezweni lokushayela ngokuzimela.
Vele, amathemba amahle, kepha iqiniso limbi. Njengamanje, izindlela zokuphindaphindeka kwamandla kwezimoto zikagesi ziya zihluka ngokwengeziwe, futhi ithemba lokushaja okungenantambo lilindelwe kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukusuka endaweni yamanje yokubuka, ubuchwepheshe obungenantambo bezimoto busesigabeni sokuhlola futhi bubhekene nezinkinga eziningi, njengezindleko eziphakeme, ukushaja kancane, kanye nezindinganiso ezingqubuzanayo.
Inkinga yokusebenza kahle ukushaja ingenye yezingqinamba. Isibonelo, saxoxa ngodaba lokusebenza kahle kwe-HongQE e-HOCQI E-HS9. Ukusebenza kahle okuphansi kokushaja okungenantambo kugxekwe. Njengamanje, ukusebenza kahle kokushaja okungenantambo kwezimoto zikagesi kuphansi kunalokho kushaja okwenziwe ngentambo ngenxa yokulahleka kwamandla ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa kwe-wireless.
Ngokombono wezindleko, ukushaja okungenantambo kwezimoto kudinga ukuncishiswa. Ukushaja okungenantambo kunezidingo eziphakeme zengqalasizinda. Izakhi zokushaja zivame ukubekwa emhlabathini, ezizobandakanya ukuguqulwa komhlaba kanye nezinye izingqinamba. Izindleko zokwakha zizobe ziphakeme kakhulu kunezindleko zezinqwaba ezijwayelekile zokushaja. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuqaleni kokukhuthaza ubuchwepheshe be-charge ye-wireless, i-chain yezimboni ayivuthiwe, futhi izindleko zezingxenye ezihlobene zizoba phezulu, ngisho nezikhathi eziningana intengo yokushaja kwendlu enamandla afanayo.
Isibonelo, iBritish Busis Operaire BustBus icubungule ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokushaja okungenantambo kwinqubo yokuqhakambisa ugesi wemikhumbi yayo. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuhlolwa, kwatholakala ukuthi umhlinzeki ngamunye wamaphaneli wokushaja aphansi acaphuna amakhilogremu angama-70,000. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zokwakha zemigwaqo yokushaja engenantambo ziphezulu. Isibonelo, izindleko zokwakha umgwaqo ongenantambo we-1,6-kilometer eSweden zicishe zibe ngu-US $ 12,5 million.
Kuyiqiniso, izingqinamba zokuphepha nazo zingaba ngolunye lwezingqinamba ezivimba ubuchwepheshe be-chargeless beageless. Ngokombono womthelela wayo emzimbeni womuntu, ukushaja okungenantambo akusona isivumelwano esikhulu. "Imithetho yeSikhashana ekuphathweni komsakazo kokushaja okungenantambo (Ukudluliselwa kwamandla) (okusalungiswa kwamazwana)" kushicilelwa uMnyango Wezimboni kanye noLiform no-79-90khz kukhethekile ngezimoto ezingenantambo. Ucwaningo olufanele lukhombisa ukuthi kuphela lapho amandla okushaja edlula i-20kw kanti nomzimba womuntu useduze nesisekelo sokushaja, kungahle kube nomthelela othile emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, lokhu futhi kudinga ukuthi wonke amaqembu aqhubeke nokuqamba ukuphepha ngaphambi kokuthi aqashelwe abathengi.
Akunandaba ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-charing bungenantambo busebenza kanjani futhi bakulungele kangakanani izimo zokusebenzisa, kusekude ukuya ngaphambi kokuthi ithengiswe ngezinga elikhulu. Ukuphuma kwelebhu kanye nokuyisebenzisa empilweni yangempela, umgwaqo wokushaja okungenantambo zezimoto isikhathi eside futhi unzima.
Ngenkathi wonke amaqembu ehlola ngamandla ama-wireless ajaja ubuchwepheshe bezimoto, umqondo wokuthi "amarobhothi okushaja" nawo avele buthule. Amaphoyinti obuhlungu okumele axazululwe ngokushaja okungenantambo amelela udaba lokushaja umsebenzisi lula, oluzofezekisa umqondo wokushayela ngokungangabazi ngokuzayo. Kepha kunemigwaqo engaphezu kweyodwa eya eRoma.
Ngakho-ke, "amarobhothi okushaja" abuye aqale ukuba yisengezo kwinqubo yokushaja ehlakaniphile yezimoto. Kungekudala, i-Beijing Sub-Central Construction National Green Green Development Development Development Support Storen System System's base wethule irobhothi lebhasi le-automal automatic atholela irobhothi elingakhokhisa amabhasi kagesi.
Ngemuva kokuthi ibhasi likagesi lingena esiteshini sokushaja, uhlelo lwe-Vision luthwebula imininingwane yokufika kwemoto, futhi uhlelo lokuhambisa lwangemuva lukhipha umsebenzi wokushaja kwirobhothi. Ngosizo lohlelo lokuphakamisa kanye nendlela yokuhamba, irobhothi lishayela ngokuzenzakalelayo esiteshini sokushaja bese libamba isibhamu sokushaja. , kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokugcina bokugcina ukukhomba indawo ye-Electric Coole Charging Port futhi wenze imisebenzi yokushaja okuzenzakalelayo.
Vele, izinkampani zezimoto nazo ziqala ukubona izinzuzo ze- "CHAING ROBOTS". Ku-2023 Shanghai Auto Show, uLotus wakhipha irobhothi lokushaja le-flash. Lapho imoto idinga ukukhokhiswa, irobhothi linganwebeka ingalo yalo emishini futhi ifake ngokuzenzakalelayo isibhamu sokushaja emgodini oshaja imoto. Ngemuva kokushaja, kungakhipha nesibhamu ngokwakho, kuqeda yonke inqubo ukuthi ingaqala ukushaja imoto.
Ngokuphambene, amarobhothi ashaja awagcini nje ngokuba lula ngokushaja okungenantambo, kepha futhi angaxazulula inkinga yokukhawulelwa kwamandla wokushaja okungenantambo. Abasebenzisi bangajabulela nentokozo yokuthola ngaphezulu ngaphandle kokuphuma emotweni. Vele, amarobhothi oshaja azofaka nezindleko nezingqinamba ezihlakaniphile njengokuphakamisa isikhundla nokuvikezela kwezithiyo.
Iqoqo Njengamanje, ikhambi elingaphezu kwamandla ebhethri kanye nekhambi lokubuyiselwa kwebhethri yilezi zixazululo ezimbili ezijwayelekile kakhulu. Ngokweqiniso, lezi zixazululo ezimbili zanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuphindaphindeka kwamandla zabasebenzisi ngezinga elithile. Vele, izinto zihlala ziqhubekela phambili. Mhlawumbe ukuphindwa kwenkathi engenasidingo, ukushaja okungenantambo kanye namarobhothi wokushaja angangenisela amathuba amasha.
Isikhathi sePosi: APR-13-2024