Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokugcizelela umhlaba wonke ekuvikelweni kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko esimeme, iimoto yamandla entsha (NEV)imakethe ineikhuphuke ngokushesha. Njengomkhiqizi nomthengi omkhulu wezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla emhlabeni wonke, ibhizinisi laseChina lokuthumela ngaphandle liyakhula. Imininingwane yakamuva ikhombisa ukuthi engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla eChina kukhuphuke ngaphezu kuka-80% unyaka nonyaka, lapho ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zabagibeli zikagesi bekugqama kakhulu.
Ngemuva kokukhula kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe
Ukukhula ngesivinini kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla eChina ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kungenxa yezinto eziningi. Okokuqala, ukuthuthukiswa kochungechunge lwemboni yezimoto ezintsha zasekhaya kwenze izimoto zikagesi zaseChina ezikhiqizwa kuleli zikwazi ukuncintisana kakhulu ngokwezindleko nobuchwepheshe. Okwesibili, isidingo sezimoto zamandla amasha emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe sesikhulile, ikakhulukazi eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika, lapho amazwe amaningi egqugquzela ukuthandwa kwezimoto zikagesi ukuze kuzuzwe izinhloso zokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni. Ukwengeza, izinqubomgomo zokweseka zikahulumeni waseShayina zemboni yezimoto ezintsha zamandla nazo zinikeze indawo enhle yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
NgoJulayi 2023, idatha ekhishwe yi-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers yabonisa ukuthi engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, inani eliphelele lezimoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zaseChina zezimoto ezintsha zamandla zafinyelela kumayunithi angama-300,000. Izimakethe ezinkulu ezithumela ngaphandle zazihlanganisa iYurophu, iNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, iNingizimu Melika, njll. Phakathi kwazo, imikhiqizo yaseShayina efana ne-Tesla, BYD, NIO, ne-Xpeng yenza kahle kakhulu emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukukhuphuka kwezinhlobo zezimoto ezintsha zaseShayina zamandla
I-BYD ngokungangabazeki ingenye yezinkampani ezimele kakhulu phakathi kwemikhiqizo yezimoto zamandla amasha aseShayina. Njengomkhiqizi omkhulu wezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni, i-BYD yathumela ngaphandle kwezimoto zamandla amasha angaphezu kuka-100,000 engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023 futhi yangena ngempumelelo ezimakethe zamazwe amaningi nezifunda. Amabhasi kagesi akwa-BYD nezimoto zabagibeli zamukelwa kabanzi ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle, ikakhulukazi eYurophu naseLatin America.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezisafufusa ezifana ne-NIO, Xpeng, ne-Ideal nazo zikhula ngenkuthalo emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. I-NIO yamemezela izinhlelo zokungena emakethe yaseYurophu ekuqaleni kuka-2023 futhi isisungule amanethiwekhi okuthengisa nezinsizakalo emazweni afana neNorway. I-Xpeng Motors yafinyelela esivumelwaneni sokubambisana nabakhiqizi bezimoto baseJalimane ngo-2023 futhi ihlela ukuthuthukisa ngokubambisana ubuchwepheshe bezimoto zikagesi ukuze ithuthukise ukuncintisana kwayo emakethe yaseYurophu.
Ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo kanye namathemba emakethe
Inqubomgomo yokweseka kahulumeni waseShayina embonini yezimoto ezintsha zamandla inikeza isiqinisekiso esiqinile sokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Ngo-2023, Ikhomishini Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko kanye Nomnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi ngokuhlanganyela bakhipha “UHlelo Olusha Lokuthuthukiswa Kwemboni Yezimoto Zamandla (2021-2035)”, olwahlongoza ngokusobala ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamazwe ngamazwe kwezimoto zamandla amasha nokukhuthaza izinkampani ukuthi zihlole izimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle. Ngaso leso sikhathi, uhulumeni ubuye anciphise izindleko zamabhizinisi ezithumela kwamanye amazwe ngokuncishiswa kwentela, uxhaso nezinye izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kwamabhizinisi.
Uma sibheka phambili, njengoba isidingo somhlaba wonke sezimoto zamandla amasha siqhubeka nokukhula, imakethe entsha yaseChina yokuthekelisa izimoto zamandla inamathemba abanzi. Ngokusho kwe-International Energy Agency (IEA), ngo-2030, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni jikelele kuzofinyelela ezigidini ezingu-130, lapho ingxenye yemakethe yaseChina izoqhubeka nokukhula. Imizamo yezinkampani zezimoto ezintsha zamandla aseShayina ekusunguleni izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, ukwakhiwa komkhiqizo, ukunwetshwa kwezimakethe, njll. izobeka isisekelo sokuthuthuka kwazo emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe.
Izinselele kanye nezimpendulo
Yize izimoto ezintsha zaseChina ezithumela ngaphandle kwezwe zinekusasa eliqhakazile, nazo zibhekana nezinselelo ezithile. Okokuqala, umncintiswano wezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe uya ngokuya ushuba, kanti nemikhiqizo edume umhlaba wonke efana neTesla, Ford, neVolkswagen nayo ikhulisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwayo emakethe yezimoto zikagesi. Okwesibili, amanye amazwe abeke phambili izimfuneko eziphakeme zokuphepha kanye nezindinganiso zokuvikela imvelo ezimotweni ezintsha zamandla ezwe lami. Amabhizinisi adinga ukuqhubeka ethuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye namazinga obuchwepheshe ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zezimakethe ezahlukene.
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalezi zinselele, izinkampani zezimoto ezintsha zaseShayina azigcini nje ngokukhulisa utshalomali lwazo lwe-R&D futhi zithuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bemikhiqizo, kodwa futhi zifuna ngenkuthalo ukubambisana nemikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe ukuze zithuthukise ukuncintisana kwazo ngokuhwebelana ngobuchwepheshe nokwabelana ngezinsiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani ziphinde ziqinise ukwakhiwa komkhiqizo futhi zithuthukise ukuqashelwa kwazo nedumela emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe ukuze zizuze ukwethenjwa kwabathengi abaningi.
Ekuphetheni
Sekukonke, kuqhutshwa ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo, ukufunwa kwemakethe kanye nemizamo yebhizinisi, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zamandla ezintsha zaseChina zamukela amathuba amasha entuthuko. Ngokuzayo, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwemakethe, izinhlobo zezimoto zamandla amasha zaseShayina kulindeleke ukuthi zithathe isikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu emakethe yomhlaba.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-27-2025