Izimoto Zamandla Ezintsha ZaseShayina: I-Catalyst Yezinguquko Zomhlaba

Ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo kanye nenqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe

Ukuhlanganisa isikhundla sayo emakethe yezimoto yomhlaba wonke, uMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi waseChina (MIIT) umemezele isinyathelo esikhulu sokuqinisa ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo ukuhlanganisa nokwandisa izinzuzo zokuncintisana zeimoto yamandla entsha (NEV)imboni. Lesi sinyathelo sihlanganisa ukugxila ekusheshiseni ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwezingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana nezinto zebhethri lamandla, ama-chips ezimoto, nezinjini eziyingxube ezisebenza kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-MIIT izogqugquzela ukuhlanganiswa kwezimoto ezixhumene ezihlakaniphile ohlelweni lwezokuthutha, ngezinhlelo zokuphakamisa amazinga kanye nokugunyaza ngokombandela ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlobo zokushayela ezizimele zeLeveli 3 (L3). Le ntuthuko ayenzi nje iChina umholi kwezobuchwepheshe bezimoto ezintsha zamandla, kodwa futhi ibe yisibonelo nakwamanye amazwe.

Ingqalasizinda eshajayo kanye nokukhula kwezimakethe

I-National Energy Administration (NEA) ibikezela ukuthi ekupheleni kuka-2024, i-China izoba nesamba sengqalasizinda eshajayo eyizigidi ezingu-12.818, ukukhula okumangalisayo unyaka nonyaka ngama-49.1%. Ukukhula ngokuqhuma kwezindawo zokushaja kubalulekile ukuxhasa imakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha ekhulayo. I-NEA izibophezele ekubhekaneni nezikhala ezikhona zokushaja ingqalasizinda ngenkathi ikhuthaza ukusungulwa kobuchwepheshe obusha namamodeli ebhizinisi embonini yokushaja. Kusukela ngoMashi 2023, ukuqaliswa kokusetshenziswa kwenqubomgomo endala ngentsha sekuholele ezicelweni ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.769 zokuthola uxhaso lokuhwebelana ngezimoto, kanti ukudayiswa kwezimoto ezithwala amandla amasha kweqe izigidi ezi-2.05, okuwukunyuka kwama-34% kunonyaka odlule. Lo mfutho awukhombisi nje kuphela ukukhula kokwamukelwa kwabathengi bezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngogesi, kodwa futhi ugqamisa amathuba okuqhubeka nokukhula komnotho nokudalwa kwamathuba emisebenzi ezimbonini ezihlobene.

IGlobal Impact kanye Nokubambisana Kwamazwe Ngamazwe

Imodeli entsha yaseShayina yokuthuthukisa izimoto zamandla idonse ukunaka emhlabeni wonke, futhi ochwepheshe esithangamini sakamuva bagqamise amandla ayo okuthi amanye amazwe afunde kuyo. I-United Nations iphawule ukuthi imakethe yezimoto ezintsha emhlabeni wonke isikhule cishe ngokuphindwe kasishiyagalombili kule minyaka emine edlule, kanti izibikezelo zibonisa ukuthi ngo-2024, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla kuzothatha u-20% wokudayiswa kwezimoto emhlabeni jikelele, okungaphezulu kuka-60% kuzophuma eChina. Ngokuphambene, amazwe anjengeThailand neSouth Korea nawo abone ukukhula okuphawulekayo ekuthengisweni kwezimoto zikagesi, kuyilapho iYurophu ibhekene nokwehla. Njengoba uKatrin, umqondisi we-Transport Division ye-United Nations Economic and Social Commission e-Asia nasePacific, wathi, leli gebe liqokomisa isidingo sokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe ukufeza imigomo yesimo sezulu. Ukuze kuzuzwe izinjongo ezibekwe yiSivumelwano saseParis, u-60% wezimoto ezintsha ezidayiswayo emhlabeni wonke kumele zibe izimoto ezikhiqiza amandla amasha ngo-2030.

I-China izibophezele ekuthumeleni ngaphandle izimoto zikagesi ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezingadlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni amanye amazwe ukuguqukela ekuhlanzeni ezokuthutha zamandla. Ngokwabelana ngobungcweti bayo ocwaningweni, ekuthuthukisweni nasekukhiqizweni kwezimoto zamandla amasha, i-China ingathuthukisa inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha emhlabeni jikelele. Ukubambisana okunjalo akukwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa futhi kukhuthaze ukuhlukahluka komnotho kanye nokukhula okuqhubekayo embonini yezimoto.

Ukweseka imigomo yesimo sezulu somhlaba

ISivumelwano saseParis sifuna ukuba amazwe athathe izinyathelo ngokushesha zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esingcolisa umoya, futhi izinhlelo ezintsha zaseChina zezimoto ezithwala ugesi ziyahambisana nalezi zinhloso zesimo sezulu emhlabeni. Ngokuhlinzeka ngezimoto zamandla amasha kwamanye amazwe, i-China ingabasiza ukuthi bafinyelele imigomo yabo yokunciphisa ukungcola futhi ngaleyo ndlela ibe negalelo ekulweni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke. I-United Nations' Asia-Pacific Electric Vehicle Initiative ihlose ukukhuthaza ukushintshana ngolwazi phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu futhi ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubomgomo zezwe zezimoto zikagesi. Lesi sinyathelo sigcizelela ukubaluleka kokusebenza ngokubambisana ekubhekaneni nezinselele zesimo sezulu futhi sigqamisa ubuholi baseChina oguqukweni lomhlaba oluya kwezokuthutha okusimeme.

Thuthukisa ukuqwashisa ngokusetshenziswa kwe-green

Njengoba i-China iqhubeka nokukhuthaza izimoto ezintsha zamandla, ukuqwashisa ngokusetshenziswa okuluhlaza emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe nakho kuyanda. Ngokubeka phambili intuthuko esimeme kanye nemikhiqizo ehambisana nemvelo, i-China ikhuthaza abathengi bomhlaba wonke ukuthi bamukele izimoto ezintsha zamandla. Lolu shintsho ekuziphatheni kwabathengi lubalulekile ekukhuthazeni inkambiso yomhlaba wonke yokusetshenziswa kokuluhlaza, okubalulekile ekufezeni imigomo yentuthuko esimeme yesikhathi eside.

Ekuphetheni

Kafushane nje, indlela eshubile yaseShayina yokuthuthukisa imboni entsha yezimoto zamandla kagesi ayigcinanga ngokuguqula imakethe yasekhaya, kodwa ibe nomthelela omkhulu emphakathini wamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokusekela inqubomgomo, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, nokuzibophezela ekusebenzisaneni komhlaba wonke, i-China izibeka njengomholi oguqukweni lokuhlanza ukuthutha kwamandla. Njengoba umhlaba ubhekene nezinselelo zokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, uhlelo olusha lwezimoto zaseShayina lunikeza indlela ethembisayo yekusasa elisimeme neliwonga ugesi. Ngokwabelana ngobungcweti nezinsiza zayo, i-China ingasiza amanye amazwe ukuthi asheshise izinguquko zawo, agcine edale iplanethi ehlaza ukuze izizukulwane ezizayo.

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