Ukusebenza kwasekhaya okuqinile
Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2025, Imakethe yebhethri yamandla yase-China ibonise ukukhuthazela okuqinile kanye nomfutho wokukhula, kokubili umthamo ofakiwe kanye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kufinyelela amarekhodi aphezulu. Ngokwezibalo ezivela ku-China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance, umthamo ofakiwe webhethri wasekhaya ohlanganisiwe ufinyelele ku-130.2 GWh ngendlela emangalisayo, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-52.8%, okubeka ukuphakama okusha kusukela ngekota yokuqala ka-2020. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthunyelwa kwebhethri lamandla kwamanye amazwe kwenyuke kwafika ku-37on-h ngonyaka, i-GWh yonyaka engama-37. Le datha igqamisa ukukhula okuqinile kweImoto entsha yaseShayina yamandla imboni kanyeukwanda kwawo kokuncintisana ezimakethe zomhlaba.
Ngenxa yochungechunge lwezinqubomgomo zokwesekwa zikahulumeni, izinga lokungena kwezimoto ezintsha zasekhaya ezithengisa amandla selikhuphuke lafinyelela ku-51.1%. Izinyathelo ezinjengokuchithwa nokubuyekeza, endala-ngokusha, kanye nokukhululwa kwentela yokuthenga imoto yamandla amasha kukhuthaze ngempumelelo isidingo sabathengi. Isazi sezezimboni uZhang Jinhui sibikezela ukuthi njengoba kushesha ukufakwa kukagesi, izinga lokungena kwezimoto ezintsha ezinamandla kulindeleke ukuthi lidlule ku-55% ngo-2025. Lo mkhuba awubonisi nje ukuzimisela kweShayina ukuthuthukisa ngamandla izimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla, kodwa futhi ubonisa umbono wamasu wezwe wokuthutha okusimeme.
Ukushintsha Amandla Emakethe
Ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwemakethe yebhethri yamandla kubonisa ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa kwezinhlobo zamabhethri kushintshe kakhulu. Amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate (LFP) ayaqhubeka nokubusa, amandla afakiwe ahlanganisiwe afinyelela ku-105.2 GWh ngekota yokuqala, afinyelela ku-80.8%, ukwanda konyaka ngo-93.6%, ukwanda okumangalisayo. Ngokuphambene, umthamo ofakiwe wamabhethri e-ternary ubungama-25 GWh, okubalelwa ku-19.2%, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-19%. Ngezinzuzo zayo zokuphepha nezindleko, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate aphethe imakethe yasekhaya kusukela ngoJulayi 2021, ekhombisa ukuncintisana okuqinile ngokumelene nokwasemuva kokushintshashintsha okuthandwayo kwabathengi.
Uma ngibheka emhlabeni wonke, nakuba izinga lokukhula kwesidingo sezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla sehlile, ukugcizelela ekusebenzeni kahle kwezindleko kwenze abakhiqizi bezimoto bamazwe ngamazwe bathanda kakhulu amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate. Abakhiqizi abajwayelekile abanjengoTesla, Volkswagen, Mercedes-Benz, kanye neBMW bonke bahlela ukukhulisa isabelo somhlangano wamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate, okubonisa ukuqashelwa kwabo kabanzi kobuchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi bebhethri baphesheya kwezilwandle njenge-LG Energy Solution, i-Samsung SDI, ne-SK On nabo sebeqalile ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium iron phosphate ukuze baqhubeke nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwayo. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amabhethri e-ternary asabusa emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe, kanti ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kubalwa ku-60.9%, ukukhuphuka konyaka nonyaka ngo-31.9%, kanti ukwanda kwamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate kungu-9.3% kuphela.
Ubuholi Bebhizinisi kanye Nethonya Lomhlaba
Esimeni sokuncintisana semakethe yebhethri lamandla e-China, i-CATL ne-BYD iyaqhubeka nokugcina isikhundla sayo esiphezulu. I-CATL igcina isikhundla esiphambili kukho kokubili i-lithium iron phosphate nokufakwa kwebhethri yamandla e-ternary, ngamasheya emakethe angu-38.49% no-69.46% ngokulandelanayo. I-BYD igxile kakhulu ekuphakeleni kwebhethri ezimotweni zayo ezintsha zamandla, kuyilapho futhi inweba ukunikezwa kwebhethri yayo kubakhiqizi bezimoto abakhulu abaziwayo. Lesi simo esincintisanayo asigcini nje ngokukhuthaza ukuqamba okusha, kodwa futhi sithuthukisa ikhwalithi iyonke kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe lamabhethri anamandla aseShayina.
Imakethe yamabhethri kagesi yaseChina iyadlondlobala, futhi ithonya layo lidlulela ngalé kwemingcele yayo. Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamabhethri kagesi kudale isamba esikhulu semali engenayo yokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe, kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezihlobene, futhi kwakhuphula ukukhula komnotho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuncintisana emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe kuphinde kwashukumisela abakhiqizi bebhethri baseShayina ukuthi bakhulise imizamo yabo yocwaningo nentuthuko, ngaleyo ndlela bakhuthaze ukusungulwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwamabhethri kagesi nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile ekwehliseni ukuncika emafutheni avamile, ekwehliseni ukukhishwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa, kanye nasekukhuthazeni intuthuko eqhubekayo emhlabeni wonke.
Ubuholi obuqhubekayo beShayina kumabhethri ezimoto zikagesi kunikeza amathuba okubambisana namazwe ngamazwe emkhakheni omusha wezamandla. Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwebhethri lamandla kukhuthaza ukushintshana kobuchwepheshe nokwabelana ngezinsiza, futhi kusiza ukubhekana nezinselele zamandla zomhlaba ngokuhlanganyela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhundla esihamba phambili saseShayina kulo mkhakha sithuthukisa umthelela ekubusweni kwamandla omhlaba, okuyenza ibe ngumdlali obalulekile ekubumbeni ikusasa lezokuthutha ezisimeme.
Kafushane, ukusebenza okuqinile kwemboni yezimoto zamandla entsha yaseChina kanye nemakethe yayo yamabhethri anamandla kukhombisa ngokugcwele ukuzibophezela kweChina ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme. Njengoba umhlaba uya ngokuya uphendukela ekubeni namandla aluhlaza, amazwe kumele abone futhi asekele inqubekelaphambili yaseChina emkhakheni wezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla. Ngokukhuthaza ukubambisana nokusungula izinto ezintsha, singakha ngokuhlanganyela ikusasa elisimeme neliluhlaza.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-22-2025