Ukuze kufinyelelwe ohlelweni lokuyeka ukuthengisa izimoto zikaphethiloli ngo-2035, amazwe aseYurophu ahlinzeka ngokugqugquzela izimoto ezintsha zamandla ngezindlela ezimbili: ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinxephezelo zentela noma ukukhululwa enteleni, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, uxhaso noma uxhaso lwezinsiza ezisekelayo. ekupheleni kokuthenga noma ekusetshenzisweni kwemoto.I-European Union, njengenhlangano ewumgogodla womnotho wase-Europe, yethule imigomo ezoqondisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezikhiqiza amandla amasha emazweni angama-27 angamalungu ayo.I-Austria, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy namanye amazwe ngokuqondile ekuthengeni isixhumanisi sokunikeza uxhaso lwemali, i-Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, Latvia, Slovakia, Sweden, amazwe ayisikhombisa awanikezi noma yikuphi ukuthenga nokusebenzisa izinxephezelo, kodwa ukuhlinzeka ngezinxephezelo zentela.
Okulandelayo yizinqubomgomo ezihambisanayo zezwe ngalinye:
E-Austria
1.Izimoto zezentengiselwano ezingakhiphi i-VAT Impumuzo ye-VAT, ibalwa ngokuvumelana nenani eliphelele lemoto (kuhlanganise no-20% we-VAT kanye nentela yokungcola): ≤ 40,000 ama-euro agcwele ukubanjwa kwe-VAT;inani lentengo eliphelele lama-euro angama-40,000-80,000, ama-euro angama-40,000 okuqala ngaphandle kwe-VAT;> 80,000 euros, ungazijabuleli izinzuzo ze-VAT.
2. Izimoto ezikhipha i-Zero-emission ezisetshenziselwa umuntu siqu azikhokhi intela yobunikazi kanye nentela yokungcola.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwebhizinisi kwezimoto ezingakhiphi kukhishwa intela yobunikazi kanye nentela yokungcola futhi ijabulela isaphulelo sika-10%;abasebenzi bezinkampani abasebenzisa izimoto zenkampani ezingakhiphi zimali azikhokhiswa intela.
4. Ekupheleni kuka-2023, abasebenzisi abangabodwana abathenga uhla lukagesi olumsulwa ≥ 60km nenani eliphelele ≤ ama-euro angu-60,000 bangathola inkuthazo engu-3,000 yama-euro kumamodeli ahlanzekile kagesi noma amaseli kaphethiloli, kanye ne-euro engu-1,250 yenzuzo ye-plug-in hybrid noma amamodeli ebanga elinwetshiwe.
5. Abasebenzisi abathenga ngaphambi kokuphela kuka-2023 bangajabulela lezi zinsiza ezilandelayo eziyisisekelo: ama-euro angu-600 ezintambo zokulayisha ezihlakaniphile, ama-euro angu-600 amabhokisi okushaja abekwe odongeni (izindlu zokuhlala ezizodwa/ezikabili), ama-euro angu-900 amabhokisi okushaja abekwe odongeni (izindawo zokuhlala ), kanye nama-euro angu-1,800 wezinqwaba zokushaja ezifakwe odongeni (amadivayisi ahlanganisiwe asetshenziswa njengokulawulwa komthwalo ezindaweni zokuhlala eziphelele).Okuthathu kokugcina kuncike kakhulu endaweni yokuhlala.
EBelgium
1. Izimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi nezamafutha zijabulela izinga lentela eliphansi (EUR 61.50) e-Brussels nase-Wallonia, futhi izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezimsulwa azikhokhiswa intela e-Flanders.
2. Abasebenzisi ngabanye bezimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi kanye nezamafutha e-Brussels nase-Wallonia bajabulela izinga lentela eliphansi lama-euro angu-85.27 ngonyaka, i-Wallonia ayikhokhisi intela ekuthengeni izinhlobo ezimbili ezingenhla zezimoto, futhi intela kagesi yehlisiwe. kusuka kumaphesenti angama-21 kuye kwayisi-6.
3. Abathengi bezinkampani eFlanders naseWallonia nabo bayafaneleka ukuthola intela yaseBrussels yezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi kanye namaseli kaphethiloli.
4. Kubathengi bezinkampani, izinga eliphezulu lokukhululeka lisetshenziswa kumamodeli anokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤ 50g ngekhilomitha kanye namandla ≥ 50Wh/kg ngaphansi kwezimo ze-NEDC.
E-Bulgaria
1. Izimoto zikagesi kuphela ezingenayo intela
Croatia
1. Izimoto zikagesi azikho ngaphansi kwentela yokusebenzisa kanye nezintela ezikhethekile zemvelo.
2. Ukuthengwa kwezinsiza ezihlanzekile zemoto kagesi ama-euro angu-9,291, amamodeli we-plug-in hybrid ama-euro angu-9,309, ithuba elilodwa kuphela lokufaka isicelo ngonyaka, imoto ngayinye kufanele isetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili.
eKhupro
1. Ukusebenzisa komuntu siqu izimoto ezine-CO2 ephumayo engaphansi kuka-120g ngekhilomitha akukhokhiswa intela.
2. Ukushintshwa kwezimoto ezikhishwa yi-CO2 engaphansi kuka-50g ngekhilomitha futhi okungabizi ngaphezu kuka-€80,000 kungaxhaswa kuze kufike ku-€12,000, kuze kufike ku-€19,000 ngezimoto zikagesi kuphela, kanye noxhaso luka-€1,000 luyatholakala nasekulahlekeni kwezimoto ezindala. .
I-Czech Republic
1. Izimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi noma ama-fuel cell akhipha isikhutha esingaphansi kwama-50g ngekhilomitha azikhokhiswa imali yokubhalisa futhi zinamapuleti akhethekile anamathiselwe.
2.Abasebenzisi bomuntu siqu: izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi kanye namamodeli ayingxube azikhokhiswa intela yomgwaqo;izimoto ezikhishwa yi-CO2 ngaphansi kuka-50g ngekhilomitha azikhokhiswa imigwaqo;kanye nesikhathi sokwehla kwempahla yokushaja imoto kagesi sifinyezwa kusukela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuye kweyi-5.
3.Ukwehliswa kwentela ngo-0.5-1% kumamodeli we-BEV kanye ne-PHEV ukuze kusetshenziswe ngasese uhlobo lwebhizinisi, kanye nokwehliswa kwentela yomgwaqo kwamanye amamodeli okushintsha izimoto zikaphethiloli.
I-Denmark
1.Izimoto ezikhishwa yiziro zingaphansi kwentela yokubhaliswa engu-40%, kukhishwe intela yokubhalisa engu-DKK 165,000, kanye ne-DKK 900 kWh ngayinye yomthamo webhethri (kufika ku-45kWh).
2. Izimoto ezikhipha umoya omncane (emissions<50g co2km) are subject to a 55 per cent registration tax, less dkk 47,500 and 900 kwh of battery capacity (up maximum 45kwh).
3. Abasebenzisi abangabodwana bezimoto ezikhipha i-zero nezimoto ezine-CO2 ephumayo efinyelela ku-58g CO2/km bayazuza kusukela kusilinganiso sentela esiphansi kakhulu sesigamu sonyaka se-DKK 370.
I-Finland
1.Kusukela mhla lu-1 kuMfumfu wezi-2021, izimoto zabagibeli ezikhishwa i-zero-emission azikhokhiswa intela yokubhalisa.
2.Izimoto zebhizinisi azikhokhiswa intela yama-euro angu-170 ngenyanga kumamodeli e-BEV kusukela ngo-2021 kuya ku-2025, futhi ukushaja izimoto zikagesi emsebenzini kukhululiwe enteleni yemali engenayo.
France
1.Amamodeli kagesi, ama-hybrid, i-CNG, i-LPG kanye ne-E85 akhululwa kuzo zonke noma amaphesenti angu-50 ezindleko zentela, futhi amamodeli anogesi omsulwa, ama-fuel cell nama-plug-in hybrids (anobubanzi obungu-50km noma ngaphezulu) anentela enkulu- kuncishisiwe.
2.Izimoto zebhizinisi ezikhipha ngaphansi kuka-60g we-carbon dioxide ngekhilomitha (ngaphandle kwezimoto zikadizili) azikhokhi intela ye-carbon dioxide.
3. Ukuthengwa kwezimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile noma izimoto zamaseli kaphethiloli, uma intengo yokuthengisa imoto ingeqi ama-euro angama-47,000, uxhaso lomndeni lomsebenzisi ngamunye wama-euro angu-5,000, uxhaso lwabasebenzisi bebhizinisi lwama-euro angu-3,000, uma lushintshwa, lungasekelwe inani lezibonelelo zemoto, kuze kufike ku-6,000 euros.
EJalimane
1.Izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile kanye nezimoto ze-hydrogen fuel cell ezibhaliswe ngaphambi komhla zingama-31 kuZibandlela wezi-2025 zizothola isaphulelo seminyaka eyi-10 kuze kube umhla zingama-31 kuZibandlela wezi-2030.
2.Izimoto ezikhululayo ezinokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤95g/km kusukela kuntela yonyaka.
3.Yehlisa intela yemali engenayo yamamodeli e-BEV kanye ne-PHEV.
4.Engxenyeni yokuthenga, izimoto ezintsha ezinenani elingaphansi kwama-€40,000 (ngokuhlanganisa) zizothola uxhaso lwama-€6,750, futhi izimoto ezintsha ezinenani eliphakathi kuka-€40,000 no-€65,000 (okuhlanganisa) zizothola uxhaso luka-€4,500, oluzotholakala kuphela abathengi ngabanye kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Septhemba 2023, futhi kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Januwari 2024, isimemezelo sizoqina kakhulu.
Greece
1. Ukwehliswa okungama-75% kwentela yokubhalisa yama-PHEV anokukhishwa kwe-CO2 kufika ku-50g/km;Ukwehliswa okungu-50% kwentela yokubhalisa yama-HEV nama-PHEV anokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≥ 50g/km.
Amamodeli we-2.HEV anokususwa ≤1549cc abhaliswe ngaphambi komhla zingama-31 kuMfumfu 2010 awakhokhiswa intela yokujikeleza, kuyilapho ama-HEV anokususwa okungu-≥1550cc akhonjelwe ku-60% yentela yokujikeleza;izimoto ezinokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤90g/km (NEDC) noma 122g/km (WLTP) azikhokhiswa intela yomjikelezo.
3. Amamodeli we-BEV ne-PHEV anokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤ 50g/km (NEDC noma i-WLTP) kanye nenani lensalela yokudayisa ≤ ama-euro angu-40,000 akhululiwe enteleni yesigaba esikhethekile.
4. Ukuze kuthengwe isixhumanisi, izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile zijabulela u-30% yenani lentengo yokuthengisa yesaphulelo semali, umkhawulo ongaphezulu ungama-euro ayi-8,000, uma ukuphela kokuphila kweminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, noma iminyaka umthengi uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-29 ubudala, udinga ukukhokha i-euro eyi-1,000 eyengeziwe;itekisi kagesi ehlanzekile ijabulela i-40% yenani lentengo yokuthengisa yesaphulelo semali, umkhawulo ophezulu wama-euro angu-17,500, ukuchithwa kwamatekisi amadala kudinga ukukhokha i-euro engu-5,000 eyengeziwe.
I-Hungary
1. Ama-BEV nama-PHEV afanelekele ukukhululwa enteleni.
2. Kusukela ngomhlaka-15 Juni 2020, inani lentengo lama-euro angu-32,000 ezimoto zikagesi lixhasa ama-euro angu-7,350, intengo yokuthengisa ephakathi kuka-32,000 kuya ku-44,000 wama-euro oxhaso lwama-euro angu-1,500.
I-Ireland
1. Ukwehliswa kwama-euro angu-5,000 ezimotweni zikagesi ezimsulwa ezinenani lokuthengisa elingengaphezu kwama-euro angu-40,000, ngaphezu kwama-euro angu-50,000 akanalo ilungelo lenqubomgomo yokunciphisa.
2. Ayikho intela ye-NOx ekhokhiswa ezimotweni ezisebenza ngogesi.
3.Kubasebenzisi ngabanye, isilinganiso esincane sezimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile (ama-euro angu-120 ngonyaka), ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤ 50g/km amamodeli we-PHEV, kunciphisa izinga (ama-euro angu-140 ngonyaka).
Italy
1. Kubasebenzisi abangabodwana, izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezihlanzekile azikhokhiswa intela iminyaka emi-5 kusukela ngosuku ezaqala ngalo ukusetshenziswa, futhi ngemva kokuphela kwalesi sikhathi, ama-25% entela yezimoto ezifanayo zikaphethiloli ziyasebenza;Amamodeli we-HEV angaphansi kwenani elincane lentela (€2.58/kW).
2.Engxenyeni yokuthenga, amamodeli e-BEV ne-PHEV anenani elingu-≤35,000 euros (okuhlanganisa ne-VAT) kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤20g/km axhaswe ngama-euro angu-3,000;Amamodeli e-BEV kanye ne-PHEV anenani elingu-≤45,000 euros (okuhlanganisa ne-VAT) kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2 phakathi kuka-21 no-60g/km axhaswe ngama-euro angu-2,000;
3. Amakhasimende endawo athola isaphulelo samaphesenti angu-80 enanini yokuthenga neyokufakwa kwengqalasizinda ehlinzekelwe ukushaja izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi, kuze kufike ku-1,500 euros.
I-Latvia
Amamodeli we-1.BEV akhululiwe enkokhelweni yokuqala yokubhalisa futhi ajabulela ubuncane bentela obungama-euro angu-10.
I-Luxembourg 1. Intela yokuphatha engu-50% kuphela ekhokhiswa ezimotweni zikagesi.
2.Kubasebenzisi ngabanye, izimoto ezikhipha i-zero zijabulela isilinganiso esiphansi sama-EUR 30 ngonyaka.
3. Ezimotweni zezinkampani, uxhaso lwanyanga zonke luka-0.5-1.8% kuye ngokukhishwa kwe-CO2.
4. Ukuze kuthengwe isixhumanisi, amamodeli e-BEV anoxhaso olungaphezu kuka-18kWh (okuhlanganisa) lwama-euro angu-8,000, uxhaso lwe-18kWh lwama-euro angu-3,000;Amamodeli e-PHEV ngekhilomitha ngalinye lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni dioxide ≤ 50g yoxhaso lwama-euro angu-2,500.
eMalta
1. Kubasebenzisi abangabodwana, izimoto ezinokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤100g ngekhilomitha ngalinye zijabulela isilinganiso sentela esiphansi kakhulu.
2. Ukuthengwa kwesixhumanisi, amamodeli kagesi amsulwa uxhaso lomuntu siqu phakathi kwama-euro ayi-11,000 kanye nama-euro angama-20,000.
E-Netherlands
1. Kubasebenzisi abangabodwana, izimoto ezikhipha i-zero azikhokhiswa intela, futhi izimoto ze-PHEV zingaphansi kwentela engu-50%.
2. Abasebenzisi bezinkampani, u-16% wesilinganiso esincane sentela sezimoto ezingakhiphi, intela enkulu yezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi emsulwa ayikho ngaphezu kwama-euro angu-30,000, futhi akukho mkhawulo ezimotweni zamaseli kaphethiloli.
Poland
1.Ayikho intela ezimotweni zikagesi ezimsulwa, futhi ayikho intela kuma-PHEVs angaphansi kuka-2000cc ekupheleni kuka-2029.
2.Kubathengi abangabodwana nabezinkampani, uxhaso olufika ku-PLN 27,000 luyatholakala kumamodeli we-EV amsulwa kanye nezimoto zamaseli kaphethiloli ezithengwe ngaphakathi kwe-PLN 225,000.
EPortugal
Izinhlobo ze-1.BEV azikhokhiswa intela;Amamodeli e-PHEV anebanga elimsulwa likagesi ≥50km kanye ne-CO2 ekhishwayo<50g>50km kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤50g/km kuncishiswa intela ngo-40%.
2. Abasebenzisi abazimele ukuthenga izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile zesigaba se-M1 inani eliphakeme lama-euro angu-62,500, uxhaso lwama-euro angu-3,000, olukhawulelwe kokukodwa.
I-Slovakia
1. Izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile azikhokhiswa intela, kanti izimoto ezithwala uphethiloli kanye nezimoto eziyingxubevange zingaphansi kwentela engamaphesenti angama-50.
Spain
1. Ukukhululwa "entelani ekhethekile" yezimoto ezinokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤ 120g/km, kanye nokukhululwa ku-VAT e-Canary Islands ngezimoto ezinamandla okuhlukile (isb. ama-bev, ama-fcev, ama-phevs, ama-EREV nama-hev) ane-CO2 emissions ≤km 110g/110g. .
2. Kubasebenzisi abangabodwana, ukwehliswa kwentela ngamaphesenti angama-75 ezimotweni zikagesi ezihlanzekile emadolobheni amakhulu njenge-Barcelona, iMadrid, i-Valencia ne-Zaragoza.
3. Kubasebenzisi bezinkampani, ama-BEV nama-PHEV anenani elingaphansi kwama-euro angu-40,000 (okuhlanganisayo) angaphansi kokwehliswa kwentela yeholo lomuntu siqu ngo-30%;Ama-HEV anenani elingaphansi kwama-euro angu-35,000 (ehlanganisiwe) angaphansi kokwehliswa ngo-20%.
eSweden
1. Intela yomgwaqo ephansi (SEK 360) yezimoto ezikhipha i-zero kanye nama-PHEV phakathi kwabasebenzisi ngabanye.
2. Ukwehliswa kwentela ngamaphesenti angu-50 (kufika ku-SEK 15,000) amabhokisi okushaja ama-EV asekhaya, kanye noxhaso luka-$1 bhiliyoni lokufakwa kwezinto zokushaja i-AC kubahlali bezakhiwo zokuhlala.
I-Iceland
1. Ukwehliswa kwe-VAT nokukhululwa kumamodeli we-BEV ne-HEV ngesikhathi sokuthenga, ayikho i-VAT enanini lokudayisa efika kuma-euro angu-36,000, i-VAT egcwele phezu kwalokho.
2. Ukukhululwa kwi-VAT eziteshini zokushaja nokufakwa kweziteshi zokushaja.
eSwitzerland
1. Izimoto zikagesi azikhokhi intela yemoto.
2. Kubasebenzisi abangabodwana nabezinkampani, inkatho ngayinye yehlisa noma ikhiphe intela yezokuthutha isikhathi esithile ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli (CO2/km).
i-United Kingdom
1. Izinga lentela elincishisiwe lezimoto zikagesi nezimoto ezinokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ngaphansi kuka-75 g/km.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-24-2023