Ukuze kufinyelelwe ohlelweni lokuyeka ukuthengisa izimoto zikaphethiloli ngo-2035, amazwe aseYurophu ahlinzeka ngokugqugquzela izimoto ezintsha zamandla ngezindlela ezimbili: ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinxephezelo zentela noma ukukhululwa enteleni, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, uxhaso noma uxhaso lwezinsiza ezisekelayo. ekupheleni kokuthenga noma ekusetshenzisweni kwemoto. I-European Union, njengenhlangano ewumgogodla womnotho wase-Europe, yethule imigomo ezoqondisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezikhiqiza amandla amasha emazweni angama-27 angamalungu ayo. I-Austria, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy namanye amazwe ngokuqondile ekuthengeni isixhumanisi sokunikeza uxhaso lwemali, i-Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, Latvia, Slovakia, Sweden, amazwe ayisikhombisa awanikezi noma yikuphi ukuthenga nokusebenzisa izinxephezelo, kodwa ukuhlinzeka ngezinxephezelo zentela.
Okulandelayo yizinqubomgomo ezihambisanayo zezwe ngalinye:
E-Austria
1.Izimoto zezentengiselwano ezingakhiphi i-VAT Impumuzo ye-VAT, ibalwa ngokuvumelana nenani eliphelele lemoto (kuhlanganise no-20% we-VAT kanye nentela yokungcola): ≤ 40,000 ama-euro agcwele ukubanjwa kwe-VAT; inani lentengo eliphelele lama-euro angama-40,000-80,000, ama-euro angama-40,000 okuqala ngaphandle kwe-VAT; > 80,000 euros, ungazijabuleli izinzuzo ze-VAT.
2. Izimoto ezikhipha i-Zero-emission ezisetshenziselwa umuntu siqu azikhokhi intela yobunikazi kanye nentela yokungcola.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwebhizinisi kwezimoto ezingakhiphi kukhishwa intela yobunikazi kanye nentela yokungcola futhi ijabulela isaphulelo sika-10%; abasebenzi bezinkampani abasebenzisa izimoto zenkampani ezingakhiphi zimali azikhokhiswa intela.
4. Ekupheleni kuka-2023, abasebenzisi abangabodwana abathenga uhla lukagesi olumsulwa ≥ 60km nenani eliphelele ≤ ama-euro angu-60,000 bangathola inkuthazo engu-3,000 yama-euro kumamodeli ahlanzekile kagesi noma amaseli kaphethiloli, kanye ne-euro engu-1,250 yenzuzo ye-plug-in hybrid noma amamodeli ebanga elinwetshiwe.
5. Abasebenzisi abathenga ngaphambi kokuphela kuka-2023 bangajabulela lezi zinsiza ezilandelayo eziyisisekelo: ama-euro angu-600 ezintambo zokulayisha ezihlakaniphile, ama-euro angu-600 amabhokisi okushaja abekwe odongeni (izindlu zokuhlala ezizodwa/ezikabili), ama-euro angu-900 amabhokisi okushaja abekwe odongeni (izindawo zokuhlala ), kanye nama-euro angu-1,800 wezinqwaba zokushaja ezifakwe odongeni (amadivayisi ahlanganisiwe asetshenziswa njengokulawulwa komthwalo ezindaweni zokuhlala eziphelele). Okuthathu kokugcina kuncike kakhulu endaweni yokuhlala.
EBelgium
1. Izimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi nezamafutha zijabulela izinga lentela eliphansi (EUR 61.50) e-Brussels nase-Wallonia, futhi izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezimsulwa azikhokhiswa intela e-Flanders.
2. Abasebenzisi ngabanye bezimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi kanye nezamafutha e-Brussels nase-Wallonia bajabulela izinga lentela eliphansi lama-euro angu-85.27 ngonyaka, i-Wallonia ayikhokhisi intela ekuthengeni izinhlobo ezimbili ezingenhla zezimoto, futhi intela kagesi yehlisiwe. kusuka kumaphesenti angama-21 kuye kwayisi-6.
3. Abathengi bezinkampani eFlanders naseWallonia nabo bayafaneleka ukuthola intela yaseBrussels yezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi kanye namaseli kaphethiloli.
4. Kubathengi bezinkampani, izinga eliphezulu lokukhululeka lisetshenziswa kumamodeli anokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤ 50g ngekhilomitha kanye namandla ≥ 50Wh/kg ngaphansi kwezimo ze-NEDC.
E-Bulgaria
1. Izimoto zikagesi kuphela ezingenayo intela
Croatia
1. Izimoto zikagesi azikho ngaphansi kwentela yokusebenzisa kanye nezintela ezikhethekile zemvelo.
2. Ukuthengwa kwezinsiza ezihlanzekile zemoto kagesi ama-euro angu-9,291, amamodeli we-plug-in hybrid ama-euro angu-9,309, ithuba elilodwa kuphela lokufaka isicelo ngonyaka, imoto ngayinye kufanele isetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili.
eKhupro
1. Ukusebenzisa komuntu siqu izimoto ezine-CO2 ephumayo engaphansi kuka-120g ngekhilomitha akukhokhiswa intela.
2. Ukushintshwa kwezimoto ezikhishwa yi-CO2 engaphansi kuka-50g ngekhilomitha futhi okungabizi ngaphezu kuka-€80,000 kungaxhaswa kuze kufike ku-€12,000, kuze kufike ku-€19,000 ngezimoto zikagesi kuphela, kanye noxhaso luka-€1,000 luyatholakala nasekulahlekeni kwezimoto ezindala. .
I-Czech Republic
1. Izimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi noma ama-fuel cell akhipha isikhutha esingaphansi kwama-50g ngekhilomitha azikhokhiswa imali yokubhalisa futhi zinamapuleti akhethekile anamathiselwe.
2.Abasebenzisi bomuntu siqu: izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi kanye namamodeli ayingxube azikhokhiswa intela yomgwaqo; izimoto ezikhishwa yi-CO2 ngaphansi kuka-50g ngekhilomitha azikhokhiswa imigwaqo; kanye nesikhathi sokwehla kwempahla yokushaja imoto kagesi sifinyezwa kusukela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuye kweyi-5.
3.Ukwehliswa kwentela ngo-0.5-1% kumamodeli we-BEV kanye ne-PHEV ukuze kusetshenziswe ngasese uhlobo lwebhizinisi, kanye nokwehliswa kwentela yomgwaqo kwamanye amamodeli okushintsha izimoto zikaphethiloli.
I-Denmark
1.Izimoto ezikhishwa yiziro zingaphansi kwentela yokubhaliswa engu-40%, kukhishwe intela yokubhalisa engu-DKK 165,000, kanye ne-DKK 900 kWh ngayinye yomthamo webhethri (kufika ku-45kWh).
2. Izimoto ezikhipha umoya omncane (emissions<50g co2km) are subject to a 55 per cent registration tax, less dkk 47,500 and 900 kwh of battery capacity (up maximum 45kwh).
3. Abasebenzisi abangabodwana bezimoto ezikhipha i-zero nezimoto ezine-CO2 ephumayo efinyelela ku-58g CO2/km bayazuza kusukela kusilinganiso sentela esiphansi kakhulu sesigamu sonyaka se-DKK 370.
I-Finland
1.Kusukela mhla lu-1 kuMfumfu wezi-2021, izimoto zabagibeli ezikhishwa i-zero-emission azikhokhiswa intela yokubhalisa.
2.Izimoto zebhizinisi azikhokhiswa intela yama-euro angu-170 ngenyanga kumamodeli e-BEV kusukela ngo-2021 kuya ku-2025, futhi ukushaja izimoto zikagesi emsebenzini kukhululiwe enteleni yemali engenayo.
France
1.Amamodeli kagesi, ama-hybrid, i-CNG, i-LPG kanye ne-E85 akhululwa kuzo zonke noma amaphesenti angu-50 ezindleko zentela, futhi amamodeli anogesi omsulwa, ama-fuel cell nama-plug-in hybrids (anobubanzi obungu-50km noma ngaphezulu) anentela enkulu- kuncishisiwe.
2.Izimoto zebhizinisi ezikhipha ngaphansi kuka-60g we-carbon dioxide ngekhilomitha (ngaphandle kwezimoto zikadizili) azikhokhi intela ye-carbon dioxide.
3. Ukuthengwa kwezimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile noma izimoto zamaseli kaphethiloli, uma intengo yokuthengisa imoto ingeqi ama-euro angama-47,000, uxhaso lomndeni lomsebenzisi ngamunye wama-euro angu-5,000, uxhaso lwabasebenzisi bebhizinisi lwama-euro angu-3,000, uma lushintshwa, lungasekelwe inani lezibonelelo zemoto, kuze kufike ku-6,000 euros.
EJalimane
1.Izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile kanye nezimoto ze-hydrogen fuel cell ezibhaliswe ngaphambi komhla zingama-31 kuZibandlela wezi-2025 zizothola isaphulelo seminyaka eyi-10 kuze kube umhla zingama-31 kuZibandlela wezi-2030.
2.Izimoto ezikhululayo ezinokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤95g/km kusukela kuntela yonyaka.
3.Yehlisa intela yemali engenayo yamamodeli e-BEV kanye ne-PHEV.
4.Engxenyeni yokuthenga, izimoto ezintsha ezinenani elingaphansi kwama-€40,000 (ngokuhlanganisa) zizothola uxhaso lwama-€6,750, futhi izimoto ezintsha ezinenani eliphakathi kuka-€40,000 no-€65,000 (okuhlanganisa) zizothola uxhaso luka-€4,500, oluzotholakala kuphela abathengi ngabanye kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Septhemba 2023, futhi kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Januwari 2024, isimemezelo sizoqina kakhulu.
Greece
1. Ukwehliswa okungama-75% kwentela yokubhalisa yama-PHEV anokukhishwa kwe-CO2 kufika ku-50g/km; Ukwehliswa okungu-50% kwentela yokubhalisa yama-HEV nama-PHEV anokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≥ 50g/km.
Amamodeli we-2.HEV anokususwa ≤1549cc abhaliswe ngaphambi komhla zingama-31 kuMfumfu 2010 awakhokhiswa intela yokujikeleza, kuyilapho ama-HEV anokususwa okungu-≥1550cc akhonjelwe ku-60% yentela yokujikeleza; izimoto ezinokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤90g/km (NEDC) noma 122g/km (WLTP) azikhokhiswa intela yomjikelezo.
3. Amamodeli we-BEV ne-PHEV anokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤ 50g/km (NEDC noma i-WLTP) kanye nenani lensalela yokudayisa ≤ ama-euro angu-40,000 akhululiwe enteleni yesigaba esikhethekile.
4. Ukuze kuthengwe isixhumanisi, izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile zijabulela u-30% yenani lentengo yokuthengisa yesaphulelo semali, umkhawulo ongaphezulu ungama-euro ayi-8,000, uma ukuphela kokuphila kweminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, noma iminyaka umthengi uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-29 ubudala, udinga ukukhokha i-euro eyi-1,000 eyengeziwe; itekisi kagesi ehlanzekile ijabulela i-40% yenani lentengo yokuthengisa yesaphulelo semali, umkhawulo ophezulu wama-euro angu-17,500, ukuchithwa kwamatekisi amadala kudinga ukukhokha i-euro engu-5,000 eyengeziwe.
I-Hungary
1. Ama-BEV nama-PHEV afanelekele ukukhululwa enteleni.
2. Kusukela ngomhlaka-15 Juni 2020, inani lentengo lama-euro angu-32,000 ezimoto zikagesi lixhasa ama-euro angu-7,350, intengo yokuthengisa ephakathi kuka-32,000 kuya ku-44,000 wama-euro oxhaso lwama-euro angu-1,500.
I-Ireland
1. Ukwehliswa kwama-euro angu-5,000 ezimotweni zikagesi ezimsulwa ezinenani lokuthengisa elingengaphezu kwama-euro angu-40,000, ngaphezu kwama-euro angu-50,000 akanalo ilungelo lenqubomgomo yokunciphisa.
2. Ayikho intela ye-NOx ekhokhiswa ezimotweni ezisebenza ngogesi.
3.Kubasebenzisi ngabanye, isilinganiso esincane sezimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile (ama-euro angu-120 ngonyaka), ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤ 50g/km amamodeli we-PHEV, kunciphisa izinga (ama-euro angu-140 ngonyaka).
Italy
1. Kubasebenzisi abangabodwana, izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezihlanzekile azikhokhiswa intela iminyaka emi-5 kusukela ngosuku ezaqala ngalo ukusetshenziswa, futhi ngemva kokuphela kwalesi sikhathi, ama-25% entela yezimoto ezifanayo zikaphethiloli ziyasebenza; Amamodeli we-HEV angaphansi kwenani elincane lentela (€2.58/kW).
2.Engxenyeni yokuthenga, amamodeli e-BEV ne-PHEV anenani elingu-≤35,000 euros (okuhlanganisa ne-VAT) kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤20g/km axhaswe ngama-euro angu-3,000; Amamodeli e-BEV kanye ne-PHEV anenani elingu-≤45,000 euros (okuhlanganisa ne-VAT) kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2 phakathi kuka-21 no-60g/km axhaswe ngama-euro angu-2,000;
3. Amakhasimende endawo athola isaphulelo samaphesenti angu-80 enanini yokuthenga neyokufakwa kwengqalasizinda ehlinzekelwe ukushaja izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi, kufika esilinganisweni sama-euro angu-1,500.
I-Latvia
Amamodeli we-1.BEV akhululiwe enkokhelweni yokuqala yokubhalisa futhi ajabulela ubuncane bentela obungama-euro angu-10.
I-Luxembourg 1. Intela yokuphatha engu-50% kuphela ekhokhiswa ezimotweni zikagesi.
2.Kubasebenzisi ngabanye, izimoto ezikhipha i-zero zijabulela isilinganiso esiphansi sama-EUR 30 ngonyaka.
3. Ezimotweni zezinkampani, uxhaso lwanyanga zonke luka-0.5-1.8% kuye ngokukhishwa kwe-CO2.
4. Ukuze kuthengwe isixhumanisi, amamodeli e-BEV anoxhaso olungaphezu kuka-18kWh (okuhlanganisa) lwama-euro angu-8,000, uxhaso lwe-18kWh lwama-euro angu-3,000; Amamodeli e-PHEV ngekhilomitha ngalinye lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni dioxide ≤ 50g yoxhaso lwama-euro angu-2,500.
eMalta
1. Kubasebenzisi abangabodwana, izimoto ezinokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤100g ngekhilomitha ngalinye zijabulela isilinganiso sentela esiphansi kakhulu.
2. Ukuthengwa kwesixhumanisi, amamodeli kagesi amsulwa uxhaso lomuntu siqu phakathi kwama-euro ayi-11,000 kanye nama-euro angama-20,000.
E-Netherlands
1. Kubasebenzisi abangabodwana, izimoto ezikhipha i-zero azikhokhiswa intela, futhi izimoto ze-PHEV zingaphansi kwentela engu-50%.
2. Abasebenzisi bezinkampani, u-16% wesilinganiso esincane sentela sezimoto ezingakhiphi, intela enkulu yezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi emsulwa ayikho ngaphezu kwama-euro angu-30,000, futhi akukho mkhawulo ezimotweni zamaseli kaphethiloli.
Poland
1.Ayikho intela ezimotweni zikagesi ezimsulwa, futhi ayikho intela kuma-PHEVs angaphansi kuka-2000cc ekupheleni kuka-2029.
2.Kubathengi abangabodwana nabezinkampani, uxhaso olufika ku-PLN 27,000 luyatholakala kumamodeli we-EV amsulwa kanye nezimoto zamaseli kaphethiloli ezithengwe ngaphakathi kwe-PLN 225,000.
EPortugal
1.BEV amamodeli akhululiwe entela; Amamodeli e-PHEV anebanga elimsulwa likagesi ≥50km kanye ne-CO2 ekhishwayo<50g>50km kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤50g/km kuncishiswa intela ngo-40%.
2. Abasebenzisi abazimele ukuthenga izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile zesigaba se-M1 inani eliphakeme lama-euro angu-62,500, uxhaso lwama-euro angu-3,000, olukhawulelwe kokukodwa.
I-Slovakia
1. Izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile azikhokhiswa intela, kanti izimoto ezithwala uphethiloli kanye nezimoto eziyingxubevange zingaphansi kwentela engamaphesenti angama-50.
Spain
1. Ukukhululwa "entelani ekhethekile" yezimoto ezinokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ≤ 120g/km, kanye nokukhululwa ku-VAT e-Canary Islands ngezimoto ezinamandla okuhlukile (isb. ama-bev, ama-fcev, ama-phevs, ama-EREV nama-hev) ane-CO2 emissions ≤km 110g/110g. .
2. Kubasebenzisi abangabodwana, ukwehliswa kwentela ngamaphesenti angama-75 ezimotweni zikagesi ezihlanzekile emadolobheni amakhulu njenge-Barcelona, iMadrid, i-Valencia ne-Zaragoza.
3. Kubasebenzisi bezinkampani, ama-BEV nama-PHEV anenani elingaphansi kwama-euro angu-40,000 (okuhlanganisayo) angaphansi kokwehliswa kwentela yeholo lomuntu siqu ngo-30%; Ama-HEV anenani elingaphansi kwama-euro angu-35,000 (ehlanganisiwe) angaphansi kokwehliswa ngo-20%.
eSweden
1. Intela yomgwaqo ephansi (SEK 360) yezimoto ezikhipha i-zero kanye nama-PHEV phakathi kwabasebenzisi ngabanye.
2. Ukwehliswa kwentela ngamaphesenti angu-50 (kufika ku-SEK 15,000) amabhokisi okushaja ama-EV asekhaya, kanye noxhaso luka-$1 bhiliyoni lokufakwa kwezinto zokushaja i-AC kubahlali bezakhiwo zokuhlala.
I-Iceland
1. Ukwehliswa kwe-VAT nokukhululwa kumamodeli we-BEV ne-HEV ngesikhathi sokuthenga, ayikho i-VAT enanini lokudayisa efika kuma-euro angu-36,000, i-VAT egcwele phezu kwalokho.
2. Ukukhululwa kwi-VAT eziteshini zokushaja nokufakwa kweziteshi zokushaja.
eSwitzerland
1. Izimoto zikagesi azikhokhi intela yemoto.
2. Kubasebenzisi abangabodwana nabezinkampani, inkatho ngayinye yehlisa noma ikhiphe intela yezokuthutha isikhathi esithile ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli (CO2/km).
i-United Kingdom
1. Izinga lentela elincishisiwe lezimoto zikagesi nezimoto ezinokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ngaphansi kuka-75 g/km.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-24-2023