Njengoba iimoto kagesi (EV)imakethe iyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka, lukushintshashintsha kwezintengo zebhethri kuphakamise ukukhathazeka phakathi kwabathengi mayelana nekusasa lentengo ye-EV.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2022, imboni yabona ukwanda kwezintengo ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwezindleko ze-lithium carbonate ne-lithium hydroxide, izithako ezibalulekile ekukhiqizeni ibhethri. Kodwa-ke, njengoba amanani entengo yezinto ezingavuthiwe kamuva ehla, imakethe yangena esigabeni sokuncintisana kakhulu, esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “impi yamanani.” Lokhu kuguquguquka kwenza abathengi bazibuze ukuthi amanani amanje amele phansi noma azokwehla yini ngokuqhubekayo.
IGoldman Sachs, ibhange lokutshala izimali elihamba phambili emhlabeni wonke, lihlaziye intengo yamabhethri anamandla emoto kagesi.
Ngokwesibikezelo sabo, inani elimaphakathi lamabhethri kagesi lehlile lisuka ku-$153 ngehora le-kilowatt ngo-2022 laya ku-$149/kWh ngo-2023, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi lehle liye ku-$111/kWh ekupheleni kuka-2024. Ngo-2026, izindleko zebhethri seziphelile. kulindeleke ukuthi yehle cishe ngohhafu ukuya ku-$80/kWh.
Ngisho nangaphandle kwemixhaso, ukwehla okukhulu kwamanani ebhethri kulindeleke ukuthi kwenze izindleko zobunikazi bezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezingenasici zilingane nezimoto zendabuko zikaphethiloli.
Umthelela wokwehla kwezintengo zamabhethri awukona nje kuphela ezinqumweni zokuthenga zabathengi, kodwa futhi ubaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezimoto ezithengisa amandla amasha.
Amabhethri kagesi alinganiselwa ku-40% wezindleko eziphelele zezimoto ezintsha ezithengisa amandla. Ukwehla kwezintengo zamabhethri kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho jikelele kwezimoto, ikakhulukazi izindleko zokusebenza. Izindleko zokusebenza zezimoto ezithengisa amandla amasha sezivele ziphansi kunezezimoto ezijwayelekile zikaphethiloli. Njengoba amanani ebhethri eqhubeka ehla, izindleko zokunakekela nokushintsha amabhethri nazo kulindeleke ukuthi zehle, okunciphise ukukhathazeka kwabantu osekunesikhathi eside kukhona mayelana nezindleko eziphakeme “zakagesi amathathu” (amabhethri, izinjini, nezilawuli zikagesi).
Lesi simo sezwe esishintshayo kungenzeka sithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho kwezimoto ezithengisa amandla amasha kuwo wonke umjikelezo wazo wokuphila, okuzenze zithandeke nakakhulu kubasebenzisi abanezidingo eziphezulu zokusebenza, njengezinkampani zezokuthutha kanye nomshayeli ngamunye.
Njengoba amanani ebhethri eqhubeka nokwehla, izindleko zokuthenga nezokusebenza zezimoto ezintsha ezisetshenziswayo zizokwehla, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwazo. Lolu shintsho kulindeleke ukuthi luhehe izinkampani eziningi zezokuthutha kanye nabashayeli ngabanye abakhathalela izindleko ukuthi basebenzise izimoto zamandla ezintsha ezisetshenzisiwe, bagqugquzele isidingo semakethe futhi bathuthukise umnotho embonini.
Ukwengeza, ukwehla kwezintengo zebhethri kulindeleke ukuthi kushukumise abakhiqizi bezimoto nezikhungo ezihlobene ukuthi zinake kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni amasevisi esiqinisekiso sangemva kokuthengisa.
Ukwenziwa ngcono kwezinqubomgomo zewaranti yebhethri kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zesevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa kulindeleke ukuthi kuthuthukise ukuzethemba kwabathengi ekuthengeni izimoto ezisetshenziswa amandla ezintsha ezisetshenziswayo. Njengoba abantu abaningi bengena emakethe, ukusakazwa kwalezi zimoto kuzokhula, kuqhubekisele phambili ukukhuthaza ukusebenza kwemakethe kanye nezimali.
Ngokungeziwe kumthelela wezindleko namandla emakethe, ukwehla kwezintengo zebhethri nakho kungenza amamodeli ebanga elinwetshiwe adume kakhulu. Njengamanje, amaloli alula ebanga elinwetshiwe afakwe amabhethri angu-100kWh ayavela emakethe. Ochwepheshe bezimboni bathi lezi zinhlobo zizwela kakhulu ekwehleni kwamanani ebhethri futhi ziyisixazululo esihambisanayo samaloli ahlanzekile kagesi. Amamodeli kagesi ahlanzekile abiza kakhulu, kuyilapho amaloli amalambu ebanga elinwetshiwe anobubanzi obude futhi afanele izidingo zokuthutha ezihlukahlukene ezifana nokusatshalaliswa kwedolobha kanye nokuhamba kwedolobha elinqamula amadolobha.
Ikhono lamaloli amakhulu athwala uhla olunwetshiwe ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zezimo zezokuthutha ezihlukahlukene, kuhambisana nokwehla okulindelekile kwezindleko zebhethri, kubanike isikhundla esihle emakethe. Njengoba abathengi baya ngokuya befuna izisombululo eziguquguqukayo ezilinganisa izindleko nokusebenza, isabelo semakethe samaloli athwala ukukhanya okunwetshiwe kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule, sithuthukise isimo sezimoto zikagesi.
Kafushane, imakethe yezimoto zikagesi isesigabeni soguquko esinamanani entengo ebhethri ehlayo kanye nokushintsha okuthandwa ngabathengi.
Njengoba izindleko zamabhethri kagesi ziqhubeka nokwehla, umnotho wezimoto ezintsha ezithengisa amandla uzothuthuka, uhehe uhla olubanzi lwabasebenzisi futhi ukhuthaze isidingo semakethe.
Ukwenyuka okulindelekile kwamamodeli ebanga elinwetshiwe kuphinde kugqamise ukuguquguquka kwemboni yezimoto zikagesi ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zokuthutha ezahlukahlukene. Njengoba imboni iqhubeka, ukusungula izinga lokuhlola elizwakalayo kanye nesistimu yesevisi yangemva kokuthengisa kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zokuthengiselana kanye nezingozi, ekugcineni kuthuthukiswe ukutholakala kwezimali kwezimoto ezintsha ezisetshenziswayo zokuthutha amandla. Ikusasa lezimoto zikagesi liyathembisa, futhi ezomnotho nokusebenza kahle yizinto eziza kuqala kule makethe eguquguqukayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-10-2024