"Ikhilomitha elilodwa ngomzuzwana kanye nebanga lokushayela elingamakhilomitha angama-200 ngemuva kokushaja imizuzu emi-5."Ngomhla zingama-27 kuNhlolanja, eNgqungqutheleni ka-Huawei China Digital Energy Partner ka-2024, iHuawei Digital Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (ngemuva kwalokhu ebizwa ngokuthi “Huawei Digital Energy”) ikhiphe uhlelo olupholiswe uketshezi oluphelele. isipiliyoni sokushaja uphethiloli singokoqobo.”Ngokwalolu hlelo, iHuawei Digital Energy izokwakha izinqwaba zokushaja ezingaphezu kuka-100,000 zeHuawei emadolobheni angaphezu kuka-340 kanye nemigwaqo emikhulu ezweni lonke ngo-2024 ukuze kwakhiwe "inethiwekhi eyodwa yamadolobha", "inethiwekhi eyodwa yesivinini esikhulu" kanye "igridi yamandla eyodwa".Inethiwekhi yokushaja “enobungane”.Eqinisweni, uHuawei ukhiphe umkhiqizo we-supercharger opholile ngokuphelele ngo-Okthoba wonyaka odlule, futhi useqede ukwakheka kwezindawo zemibukiso eziningi kuze kube manje.
Kwenzeka lokhu nje, i-NIO yamemezela ngokusemthethweni ekupheleni konyaka odlule ukuthi ikhiphe inqwaba entsha eshajayo enamandla angu-640kW epholile ngokuphelele.I-ultra-fast charger gun ifakwe i-liquid-cooled charging gun enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-2.4 kuphela kanti izokwethulwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-Ephreli nonyaka.Kuze kube manje, abantu abaningi babize u-2024 unyaka wokuqhuma kwama-supercharger apholile ngokuphelele.Maqondana nale nto entsha, ngicabanga ukuthi wonke umuntu usenemibuzo eminingi: Kuyini ngempela ukushajwa okupholile okuketshezi?Yiziphi izinzuzo zayo eziyingqayizivele?Ingabe ukupholisa uketshezi kuzoba inkomba yokuthuthukiswa kwe-supercharging ngokuzayo?
01
Ukushaja okusebenza kahle futhi okusheshayo
"Kuze kube manje, ayikho incazelo ejwayelekile ehlanganisiwe yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-supercharger epholile ngokuphelele."UWei Dong, ongunjiniyela eMicroelectronics Technology Laboratory yaseXi'an University of Technology, utshele intatheli yaseChina Automotive News.Ngokwemibandela ye-layman, i-supercharger epholile ngokuphelele epholiseke uketshezi ubuchwepheshe obusebenzisa ukujikeleza koketshezi ukususa ngokushesha ukushisa okukhiqizwa phakathi nenqubo yokushaja izingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana namamojula wokushaja, izintambo, namakhanda ezibhamu.Isebenzisa iphampu yamandla ezinikele ukushayela ukugeleza kwesipholile, ngaleyo ndlela ikhiphe ukushisa futhi ivumele okokusebenza kokushaja ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle.Isibandisi esisezinqwabani ezine-supercharged epholile ngokuphelele akuwona amanzi ajwayelekile, kodwa ikakhulukazi siqukethe i-ethylene glycol, amanzi, izithasiselo nezinye izinto.Ngokuqondene nengxenye, kuyimfihlo yobuchwepheshe yenkampani ngayinye.I-Coolant ayikwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kanye nomphumela wokupholisa we-liquid, kodwa futhi inciphisa ukugqwala nokulimala kwemishini.Kumele wazi ukuthi indlela yokukhipha ukushisa ithinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwemishini yokushaja.Ngokwezibalo zethiyori, ukulahlekelwa ukushisa kwamanje kwezinqwaba zokushaja okusheshayo ze-DC ezinamandla amakhulu cishe ku-5%.Ngaphandle kokushisa okuhle kokushisa, ngeke nje kusheshise ukuguga kwemishini, kodwa futhi kuholele ekuhlulekeni okuphezulu kwemishini yokushaja.
Ngokunembile kungenxa yokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe obugcwele bokupholisa ukushisa okupholisa uketshezi lapho amandla enqwaba yokushaja okupholisa uketshezi egcwele ephakeme kakhulu kunalawo ezinqwaba zokushaja okusheshayo ezivamile.Isibonelo, inqwaba yokushaja epholile epholile ye-Huawei inamandla amakhulu angu-600kW, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bajabulele umuzwa wokushaja oshesha kakhulu "wenkomishi yekhofi nokushajwa okugcwele.""Nakuba amandla amanje namandla amashaja amakhulu apholile ngokuphelele ehlukile okwamanje, anamandla kakhulu kunamashaja asheshayo namashaja avamile."UZeng Xin, uprofesa eNyuvesi Yesayensi Nobuchwepheshe eBeijing, utshele intatheli ye-China Automotive News, Okwamanje, amandla ezinqwaba ezishaja ngokushesha ngokuvamile acishe abe ngu-120kW, kanti izinqwaba zokushaja ezinkulu zilinganiselwa ku-300kW.Amandla ezinqwaba zokushaja ezinkulu ezipholiswe ngoketshezi asuka ku-Huawei ne-NIO angafinyelela ku-600kW.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqwaba ye-supercharging epholile ngokuphelele ye-Huawei nayo inokuhlonza okuhlakaniphile nemisebenzi yokulungisa okuguquguqukayo.Ingakwazi ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla okukhiphayo kanye neyamanje ngokuya ngezidingo zesilinganiso samaphakethe ebhethri amamodeli ahlukene, ithole izinga lempumelelo yokushajwa okukodwa okungafika ku-99%.
"Ukushisisa kwezinqwaba ezipholiseke ngokugcwele kuphinde kwagqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwayo yonke imboni."Ngokuka-Hu Fenglin, umcwaningi e-New Energy Innovation Technology Center ye-Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, izakhi ezidingekayo ezinqwabeni ezigcwele uketshezi-ezipholile ngokuphelele zingahlukaniswa zibe izingxenye zemishini eshajayo, izakhi ezijwayelekile zesakhiwo, ukushaja okunamandla kagesi aphezulu. izinto ezisetshenziswayo nezinye izakhi, okuhlanganisa izingxenye ezinzwayo ezihlakaniphile, ama-silicon carbide chips, amaphampu kagesi, izinto ezipholile, kanye namamojula apholile ngokuphelele uketshezi, izibhamu ezishajayo ezipholile uketshezi kanye nokushaja Iningi lazo linezidingo eziqinile zokusebenza nezindleko eziphakeme kunezingxenye ezisetshenzisiwe. ezinqwabeni zokushaja ezijwayelekile.
02
Kuyasebenziseka, umjikelezo wempilo ende
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinqwaba zokushaja ezijwayelekile kanye nezinqwaba zokushaja ezishesha kakhulu/ezisezingeni eliphezulu, izinqwaba zokushaja eziphezulu ezipholiswe uketshezi azigcini nje ngokushaja ngokushesha, kodwa futhi zinezinzuzo eziningi."Isibhamu esishajayo se-supercharger epholile ngokuphelele yakwaHuawei silula kakhulu, futhi nabanikazi bezimoto besifazane abanamandla amancane bangasisebenzisa kalula, ngokungafani nezibhamu ezishajayo zangaphambili ebeziyinqwaba."UZhou Xiang, ongumnikazi wemoto kagesi eChongqing, uthe.
"Ukusetshenziswa kochungechunge lobuchwepheshe obusha, izinto ezintsha, kanye nemiqondo emisha kunikeza izinzuzo zenqwaba yokushaja epholile ngokuphelele ezingakwazi ukufana nezinqwaba zokushaja ezijwayelekile esikhathini esidlule."U-Hu Fenglin uthe ezinqwaba zokushaja ezipholile ngokuphelele ezipholiswe uketshezi, okwamanje namandla kuyindlela enkulu ukushaja ngokushesha.Ngokujwayelekile, ukushisisa kwekhebula lokushaja lilingana nesikwele samanje.Uma ukushaja kukhulu, kukhulu ukushisisa kwekhebula.Ukuze unciphise inani lokushisa okukhiqizwa ikhebula futhi ugweme ukushisa ngokweqile, indawo enqamula ingxenye yocingo kufanele inyuswe, okusho ukuthi isibhamu sokushaja nekhebula lokushaja zisinda kakhulu.I-supercharger epholise ngokuphelele uketshezi ixazulula inkinga yokukhipha ukushisa futhi isebenzisa izintambo ezinezindawo ezincane eziphambanayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwemisinga emikhulu.Ngakho-ke, izintambo zezinqwaba zokushaja ezinkulu ezipholiswe uketshezi zincane futhi zilula kunalezo zenqwaba evamile yokushaja, kanti nezibhamu zokushaja nazo zilula.Isibonelo, isibhamu esishajayo sezinqwaba zokushaja ezipholile ngokuphelele ze-NIO zinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-2.4 kuphela, esilula kakhulu kunenqwaba yokushaja evamile.Inqwaba ilula kakhulu futhi iletha ulwazi olungcono lomsebenzisi, ikakhulukazi kubanikazi bezimoto besifazane, okulula ukuzisebenzisa.
"Inzuzo yezinqwaba zokushaja ezinkulu ezipholile ngokuphelele ukuthi ziphephe kakhudlwana."U-Wei Dong uthe esikhathini esidlule, izinqwaba eziningi ezishajayo zazisebenzisa ukupholisa ngokwemvelo, ukupholisa umoya nezinye izindlela, okwakudinga izimbobo zokungenisa umoya ezingxenyeni ezifanele zenqwaba yokushaja, okwakubangela nakanjani Umoya oxutshwe nothuli, ngisho nezinhlayiya zensimbi ezinhle, isifutho sikasawoti. futhi umhwamuko wamanzi ungena ngaphakathi kwenqwaba yokushaja futhi ukhangiswa phezu kwezingxenye zikagesi, okuholela ezinkingeni ezifana nokuncipha kokusebenza kokufakwa kwesistimu, ukunqanyulwa kokushisa okungekuhle, ukuncipha kokushaja kahle, kanye nempilo yemishini efinyeziwe.Ngokuphambene, indlela egcwele yokupholisa uketshezi ingafinyelela ukumbozeka okugcwele, ithuthukise ukugqumisa nokuphepha, futhi inike amandla inqwaba yokushaja ukuthi ifinyelele izinga eliphezulu lokusebenza okungangenwa luthuli nokungangeni kwamanzi eduze kwezinga lamazwe ngamazwe likagesi le-IP65, ngokuthembeka okuphezulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva kokushiya idizayini enabalandeli abaningi abapholile komoya, umsindo wokusebenza wenqwaba yokushaja epholile ngokuphelele uketshezi olupholile usunciphe kakhulu, usuka kuma-decibel angu-70 enqwabeni yokushaja epholise umoya ukuya kuma-decibel angaba ngu-30, okuseduze nokuhleba. , ukugwema isidingo sokushaja ngokushesha ezindaweni zokuhlala esikhathini esidlule.Kube nesimo esiyihlazo sokukhononda ngenxa yomsindo omkhulu ebusuku.
Izindleko eziphansi zokusebenza kanye nemijikelezo yezindleko zokubuyisela ezimfushane nakho kungenye yezinzuzo zamanqwabela akhokhiswa kakhulu ngoketshezi olupholile.UZeng Xin uthe izinqwaba zokushaja ezipholile emoyeni ngokuvamile azihlali isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emi-5, kodwa izikhathi zokuqashisa zamanje zokusebenza kwesiteshi sokushaja ngokuvamile ziyiminyaka eyi-8 kuye kweyi-10, okusho ukuthi okungenani ukutshalwa kabusha kuyadingeka phakathi nomjikelezo wokusebenza. wesiteshi.Shintshanisa idivayisi eyinhloko yokushaja.Impilo yesevisi yezinqwaba zokushaja ezipholiswe uketshezi ngokuvamile ingaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10.Isibonelo, impilo yokuklama yezinqwaba zokushaja ezinkulu ezipholile ngokuphelele ze-Huawei ingaphezu kweminyaka eyi-15, engamboza wonke umjikelezo wempilo wesiteshi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinqwaba zokushaja kusetshenziswa amamojula apholile emoyeni adinga ukuvulwa njalo kwamakhabethe ukuze kususwe uthuli nokugcinwa, izinqwaba zokushaja ezipholile ngokuphelele eziwuketshezi zidinga ukushajwa kuphela ngemva kokuba uthuli lunqwabelana kurediyetha yangaphandle, okwenza ukugcinwa kube lula.
Sekuhlanganiswe, izindleko zomjikelezo wempilo ogcwele weshaja epholile epholile ngokuphelele uketshezi ziphansi kunezisetshenziswa zendabuko zokushaja ezipholise umoya.Ngokusetshenziswa nokukhuthazwa kwezinqwaba ezishajwa kakhulu ezipholiswe uketshezi, izinzuzo zayo eziphelele zokonga zizoba sobala kakhulu.
03
Imakethe inamathemba aqhakazile futhi ukuncintisana kuyashisa
Eqinisweni, ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo kwezinga lokungena kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla kanye nokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwengqalasizinda esekelayo njengezinqwaba zokushaja, izinqwaba zokushaja ezinkulu ezipholiswe ngokuphelele uketshezi sekugxilwe kuzo emqhudelwaneni embonini.Izinkampani eziningi zezimoto zamandla amasha, izinkampani ezishaja inqwaba, izinkampani zobuchwepheshe, njll. seziqale ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuhlelwa kwezinqwaba zokushaja ezinkulu ezipholiswe uketshezi ngokugcwele.
I-Tesla iyinkampani yokuqala yezimoto embonini ukutshala izinqwaba zokushaja ezinkulu ezipholile ngoketshezi ngamaqoqo.Izinqwaba zayo zokushaja ezinkulu ze-V3 zisebenzisa idizayini epholile ngokuphelele uketshezi, amamojula wokushaja apholile uketshezi kanye nezibhamu zokushaja ezipholile uketshezi.Amandla amakhulu okushaja esibhamu esisodwa angu-250kW.Kubikwa ukuthi uTesla usefake kancane kancane iziteshi zokushaja ezipholile ngokuphelele ze-V4 emhlabeni jikelele kusukela ngonyaka odlule.Isiteshi sokuqala sokushaja i-V4 sokuqala sase-Asia sethulwa eHong Kong, eChina, ngo-Okthoba nyakenye, futhi maduze sizongena emakethe yezwekazi.Kubikwa ukuthi amandla okushaja aphezulu okucatshangelwayo ale nqwaba yokushaja ngu-615kW, okulingana nokusebenza kwezinqwaba zokushaja ezinkulu ezipholile uketshezi lwe-NIO.Kubonakala sengathi umncintiswano wemakethe wezinqwaba zokushaja ezipholiswe ngokuphelele uketshezi usuqalile buthule.
"Ngokuvamile, ama-supercharja apholile ngokugcwele anamandla amakhulu okushaja, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokushaja kuthuthukiswa kakhulu, okungadambisa ngempumelelo ukukhathazeka kwabasebenzisi bokushaja."Engxoxweni nentatheli ye-China Automotive News, uthe, nokho, okwamanje ama-supercharger apholile ngokuphelele Izinqwaba zokushaja ngokweqile zilinganiselwe esikalini sokufaka isicelo, okuholela ezindlekweni eziphezulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ukushaja okunamandla amakhulu kudinga ukukhulisa amandla okulawula ukuphepha kwebhethri nokwandisa inkundla yemoto kagesi, izindleko nazo zizokhuphuka ngo-15% ziye ku-20%.Sekukonke, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokushaja obunamandla amakhulu kudinga ukucatshangelwa okuphelele kwezinto ezifana nokuphathwa kokuphepha kwemoto, ukulawulwa okuzimele kwamadivayisi anamandla kagesi, kanye nezindleko.Lena inqubo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
"Izindleko eziphakeme zezinqwaba zokushaja ezinkulu ezipholiswe uketshezi zingenye yezithiyo ezithikameza ukukhushulwa kwayo ngezinga elikhulu."U-Hu Fenglin uthe izindleko zamanje zenqwaba yokushaja okuphezulu kweHuawei zingama-yuan angama-600,000.Kulesi sigaba, amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo ngokuvamile ahileleke ebhizinisini lokushaja Cishe kunzima ukuncintisana.Kodwa-ke, emathembeni okuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi eside, ngokwandiswa kwezicelo kanye nokwehliswa kwezindleko, izinzuzo eziningi ze-liquid supercharged ngokugcwele ezipholile zizobonakala kancane kancane.Isidingo esiqinile sabasebenzisi kanye nemakethe yokushaja okuphephile, okunesivinini esikhulu nokushesha kuzoletha indawo ebanzi yokwakhiwa kwezinqwaba zokushaja ezinkulu ezipholile ngokuphelele.
Umbiko wakamuva wocwaningo okhishwe yi-CICC uveze ukuthi ukushaja okupholisa uketshezi kushayela ukuthuthukiswa kochungechunge lwezimboni, futhi ubukhulu bemakethe yasekhaya kulindeleke ukuthi bufinyelele cishe kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-9 ngo-2026. Iqhutshwa izinkampani zezimoto, izinkampani zamandla, njll., ekuqaleni bekulindeleke ukuthi isibalo seziteshi zokushaja ezinkulu ezipholise uketshezi zasekhaya sizofinyelela ku-45,000 ngo-2026.
UZeng Xin uphinde waveza ukuthi ngo-2021, kuzoba namamodeli angaphansi kwe-10 emakethe yasekhaya asekela ukushajwa ngokweqile;ngo-2023, kuzoba namamodeli angaphezu kuka-140 asekela ukushajwa ngokweqile, futhi kuzoba nokuningi ngokuzayo.Lokhu akukhona nje kuphela ukubonakaliswa okungokoqobo kwejubane elisheshayo lomsebenzi kanye nempilo yabantu ekugcwaliseni amandla ezimotweni ezisebenza ngamandla amasha, kodwa futhi kukhombisa inkambiso yentuthuko yesidingo semakethe.Ngenxa yalokhu, amathemba okuthuthukiswa kwezinqwaba zokushaja okuphezulu okupholiswe ngoketshezi athembisa kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-15-2024