1.Imakethe yezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni wonke ikhula ngokushesha
Njengoba ukunakwa komhlaba wonke ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kuqhubeka nokujula, iimoto yamandla entsha (NEV)imakethe ibhekene nesivinini esingakaze sibonwe
ukukhula. Ngokombiko wakamuva ovela ku-International Energy Agency (IEA), ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi kudlule izigidi eziyishumi ngo-2023, okuwukukhuphuka cishe okungama-35% kusukela ngo-2022. Lokhu kukhula kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo kahulumeni yezimoto zikagesi, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwengqalasizinda eshajayo, kanye nokukhuphuka kokuqwashisa kwabathengi mayelana nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
E-China, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zamandla amasha (ama-NEV) sekufinyelele izinga eliphezulu kakhulu. Ngokusho kwe-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, ukuthengiswa kwe-NEV e-China kufinyelele ezigidini ezine engxenyeni yokuqala ka-202.5, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka ngo-50%. Lo mkhuba awubonisi nje ukwamukelwa kwabathengi kwezimoto zikagesi kodwa futhi ukhombisa ubuholi baseChina emakethe ye-NEV yomhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo kanye nempumelelo yezobuchwepheshe evela ezinkampanini ezifana neTesla ne-BYD zifaka amandla amasha emakethe.
2. Ukuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe kuhola uguquko lwemboni
Phakathi nokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla, ukusungulwa okusha kwezobuchwepheshe ngokungangabazeki kuyimbangela eyinhloko yoshintsho lwemboni. Muva nje, uFord, umkhiqizi wezimoto owaziwayo emhlabeni wonke, umemezele ukuthi uzotshala imali engaphezu kuka-$50 billion ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bezimoto zikagesi namabhethri ngo-2025. Lesi sinyathelo asibonisi nje kuphela ukuzibophezela kwaFord emakethe yezimoto zikagesi kodwa futhi sibeka isibonelo kwabanye abakhiqizi bezimoto abavamile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe bebhethri nakho kushayela ukuthandwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla. Abakhiqizi bebhethri, njenge-CATL, basanda kwethula isizukulwane esisha samabhethri esimo esiqinile, eziqhayisa ngokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu kanye nesivinini sokushaja esisheshayo. Ukufika kwalolu hlobo olusha lwebhethri kuzothuthukisa kakhulu ububanzi nokuphepha kwezimoto zikagesi, kuqhubeke nokunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwabathengi ngezimoto zikagesi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqhubeka nokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe bokushayela okuzihambela kulethe namathuba amasha okuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo kwezinkampani ezifana noTesla noWaymo emkhakheni wokushayela ngokuzenzakalelayo kwenza izimoto zikagesi zesikhathi esizayo zingabi nje indlela yokuhamba, kodwa futhi nesisombululo sokuhamba okuhlakaniphile.
3. Ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo kanye namathemba emakethe
Ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo kahulumeni yezimoto ezisebenza ngamandla amasha sekuyinto ebalulekile eqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kwezimakethe. I-European Commission isanda kuphakamisa uhlelo lokuvimbela ngokuphelele ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezisebenza ngophethiloli ngo-2035, inqubomgomo ezoqhubeza nokusheshisa ukwamukelwa kwezimoto zikagesi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amazwe amaningi athuthukisa ingqalasizinda eshajayo ukuze ahlangabezane nesidingo esikhulayo sezimoto zikagesi.
E-China, uhulumeni ubuye andise ukwesekwa kwakhe ezimotweni ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla. Ngo-2023, Ikhomishini Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko kanye Nomnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi bakhiphe ngokuhlanganyela “Uhlelo Lokuthuthukiswa Kwemboni Yezimoto Ezintsha (2021-2035),” oludinga ngokusobala ukuthi izimoto zamandla amasha kumele zikhokhele u-50% wokuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha ngo-2035.
Uma ubheka phambili, imakethe yezimoto zamandla entsha inekusasa eliqhakazile. Ngokuqhubeka kwentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe nokusekelwa kwenqubomgomo, izimoto zikagesi kancane kancane zizoba yindlela yokuthutha evamile. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngo-2030, isabelo semakethe yezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni wonke sizodlula ama-30%. Inguquko eluhlaza yezimoto zamandla amasha izoba nomthelela omkhulu kwezokuthutha emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngamafuphi, ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla akuwona nje umphumela wokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi kubonisa imigomo yentuthuko esimeme yomhlaba wonke. Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kwezimakethe kanye nokuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo, izimoto ezintsha zamandla zizosiholela ekusaseni eliluhlaza nelihlakaniphile.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-31-2025