Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto kwaseChina kuqhubeke nokushaya okuphezulu. Ngo-2023, iChina izodlula eJapan futhi ibe ngumthumeli wezimoto omkhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni ngevolumu yokuthumela izimoto ezingenisa izimoto eziyizigidi ezingama-4,91. Kusukela ngoJulayi kulo nyaka, ivolumu yokuthumela kwelinye izwe lami lezezimoto lifinyelele amayunithi ezigidi ezi-3.262, ukunyuka konyaka ka-28.8%. Iyaqhubeka nokugcina umfutho wayo wokukhula futhi ibekwe ngokuqinile njengezwe elikhulu lokuthekelisa emhlabeni.
Ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zezwe lami kulawulwa yizimoto zabagibeli. I-colulative aventvolul yevolumu ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zokuqala kwakungamayunithi ayizigidi ezingama-2.738, afaka ama-84% aphelele, alondoloze ukukhula okunamadijithi amabili aphezulu kwama-30%.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lwamandla, izimoto zikaphethiloli zendabuko zisengamandla amakhulu kokuthumela ngaphandle. Ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zokuqala, ivolumu yokuthekelisa eliqongelayo laliyimoto yezigidi ezingama-2,554, ukunyuka konyaka ngonyaka ka-34.6%. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ivolumu yokuthumela kwelinye izwe lezimoto ezintsha ze-Energy ngesikhathi esifanayo lalingamayunithi angama-708,000, ukunyuka konyaka ngo-11.4%. Izinga lokukhula lincipha kakhulu, futhi umnikelo wawo ekuvezweni okuthengiswayo kwezimoto kwehle.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngo-2023 nangaphambilini, izimoto ezintsha zamandla bezingamandla amakhulu aqhuba ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zezwe lami. Ngo-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe wezwe lami kuzoba amayunithi ezigidi ezingama-4,91, ukunyuka konyaka ongama-57,9%, okuphezulu kunezinga lokukhula kwezimoto zikaphethiloli, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokukhula kweminyaka engu-77.6% weminyaka yezimoto ezintsha. Ukubuyela emuva ku-2020, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezintsha kugcine izinga lokukhula elingaphezu kokuphinda kabili, nevolumu yokuthumela yonyaka ligxuma lisuka ezimotweni ezingaphansi kuka-100,000 ziye ezimotweni ezingama-2022.
Kodwa-ke, izinga lokukhula kwezinto ezintsha ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwamandla ezimoto liye lahamba kancane kulo nyaka, elithinte ukusebenza kwezwe lokuthumela ezweni lonke. Yize ivolumu yokuthumela kwelinye izwe lalisanda cishe ngonyaka ka-30% ngonyaka, ikhombisa ukuthambekela kwenyanga ebheke phansi. Idatha kaJulayi ikhombisa ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zezwe lami kukhuphuke ngo-19,6% unyaka nonyaka futhi kwehle ngenyanga engu-3.2% yenyanga.
Eqondile ezimotweni ezintsha zamandla, yize ivolumu yokuthekelisa igcine ukukhula okunamadijithi amabili ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zokuqala zalo nyaka, zaqala ngokuqhathaniswa nokwanda okuvela ku-1.5 esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka owedlule. Ngonyaka owodwa nje, ukuthunyelwa kwamandla okusha ezweni lami kubhekane nezinguquko ezinkulu kangaka. Ngani?
Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ezimoto ezintsha zejubane
NgoJulayi kulo nyaka, ukuthunyelwa kwamandla okusha kwezwe lami kwafika amayunithi angama-103,000, ukwanda konyaka okungu-2.2% kuphela, futhi izinga lokukhula lincipha kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa, iningi lemiqulu yenyanga yokuthumela ngaphandle kwanyanga zonke ngaphambi kukaJuni isagcinwa izinga lokukhula konyaka ngonyaka ngaphezulu kwe-10%. Kodwa-ke, umkhuba wokukhula okuphindwe kabili wokuthengisa kwanyanga zonke okwakujwayelekile ngonyaka owedlule asizange asavunyelwa.
Ukwakheka kwalesi simo kuvela ezicini eziningi. Okokuqala, ukwanda okukhulu kwisisekelo sokuthekelisa sezimoto ezintsha ze-Energy izimoto zithinte ukusebenza kokukhula. Ngo-2020, ivolumu yezwe lami elisha lezwe lizoba ngamayunithi angama-100,000. Isisekelo sincane futhi izinga lokukhula kulula ukuliqokomisa. Ngo-2023, ivolumu yokuthumela kwelinye izwe ligxume ezimotweni eziyizigidi eziyi-1,203. Ukwanda kwesisekelo kwenza kube nzima ukugcina izinga lokukhula okuphezulu, futhi ukwehla kwezinga lokukhula nakho kunengqondo.
Okwesibili, izinguquko ezinqubweni zamazwe amakhulu athumela ngaphandle zithinte ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezintsha zezwe.
Ngokwemininingwane esuka ekuphathweni okujwayelekile kwamasiko, iBrazil, i-United Kingdom kwakungama-topters amathathu aphesheya ngaphandle kwezimoto ezintsha ze-ENED ENTED ezweni lami engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazwe aseYurophu afana neSpain neJalimane nazo ziyizimakethe ezibalulekile zokuthekelisa kwamandla kwamandla wezwe lami. Ngonyaka odlule, ukuthengiswa kwezwe lami kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla ezithunyelwa eYurophu kubalwa cishe ama-40% aphelele. Kodwa-ke, kulo nyaka, ukuthengisa emazweni angamalungu e-EU ngokuvamile kwakhombisa ukuthambekela kwehla, kuwa cishe ama-30%.
Isici esisemqoka esibangela ukuthi lesi simo siphenya ngokulimazeka kwe-EU ezimotweni zikagesi ezingeniswa ezweni lami. Kusukela ngoJulayi 5, i-EU izofaka amanani entela yesikhashana ka-17.4% kuya ku-37.6% ezimotweni zikagesi ezingenisa ezingenisiwe ezivela eChina ngesisekelo se-10% yentela evamile, enesikhathi esijwayelekile sezinyanga ezi-4. Le nqubomgomo iholele ngqo ekuweni okubukhali ekuthengisweni kwezimoto zikagesi kagesi eChina yathunyelwa eYurophu, lapho kuthinteka khona ukusebenza kwamanye amazwe.
I-plug-in hybrid enjini entsha yokukhula
Yize izimoto zezwe lami elihlanzekile zithole ukukhula kwezinombolo eziphindwe kabili e-Asia, eSouth America naseNyakatho Melika, ukuthekelisa okuphelele kwezimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi kukhombisile ukuthambekela okuphezulu ngenxa yokuma okubukhali kwezimakethe zaseYurophu nase-Oceanian.
Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2024, ukuthunyelwa ezweni lami kwezimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi eYurophu kwakungamayunithi angama-303,000, ukwehla konyaka okungu-16%; I-Exports to Oceania yayingamayunithi angama-43,000, ukwehla konyaka konyaka we-19%. Umkhuba ongezansi kulezi zimakethe ezinkulu ezimbili uyaqhubeka nokwanda. Okuthintekile yilokhu, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezihlanzekile ezweni lami kunqabile izinyanga ezine zilandelana kusukela ngoMashi, ngokuncipha okwandayo kusuka ku-2.4% kuya ku-16.7%.
Ukuhanjiswa okuphelele kwezimoto ezintsha ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zokuqala kugcinwe ukukhula okunamadijithi amabili, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokusebenza okuqinile kwe-plug-in hybrid (amamodeli we-plug-in hybrid). NgoJulayi, umthamo wokuthumela ama-plug-in nzalo wafinyelela ezimotweni ezingama-27,000, ukwanda konyaka oneminyaka eyi-1,9; Imvuselelo yokuthekelisa eqongweni ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zokuqala yayiyizimoto eziyi-154,000, ukunyuka konyaka onyakeni owodwa ka-1,8.
Ingxenye ye-plug-in hybrids emisha yokuthumela ngaphandle kwezimoto ezigxuma kusuka ku-8% ngonyaka owedlule kuya ku-22%, kancane kancane esikhundleni izimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi njengomshayeli wokukhula kwamandla wemoto entsha.
Amamodeli we-plug-in hybrid akhombisa ukukhula okusheshayo ezifundeni eziningi. Engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwa-Asia kwakuyizimoto ezingama-36,000, ukwenyuka konyaka okungu-2.9; ENingizimu Melika kwakuyizimoto ezingama-69,000, ukwanda kwezikhathi ezi-3.2; ENyakatho Melika kwakukhona izimoto ezingama-21,000, ukwanda konyaka ka-11.6. Ukukhula okuqinile kulezi zindawo ngempumelelo kususwe umthelela wokuncipha eYurophu nase-Oceania.
Ukukhula kokuthengisa kwemikhiqizo yama-plug-in Chinese hybrid ezimakethe eziningi emhlabeni wonke kuhlobene kakhulu nokusebenza kwezindleko ezinhle kakhulu nokusebenziseka. Uma kuqhathaniswa namamodeli kagesi ahlanzekile, amamodeli we-plug-in hybrid anezindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza izimoto, kanye nezinzuzo zokukwazi ukusebenzisa womabili uwoyela nogesi zibenza bakwazi ukumboza izimo zokusetshenziswa kwezimoto eziningi.
Imboni ngokuvamile ikholelwa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-hybrid bunamathuba abanzi emakethe yamandla amasha omhlaba futhi kulindeleke ukuthi bahambisane nezimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi futhi zibe ngumgogodla wokuthumela kwamanye amazwe aseChina.
Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-13-2024