Eminyakeni yakamuva, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zaseChina kuqhubekile nokushaya phezulu. Ngo-2023, i-China izodlula i-Japan futhi ibe umkhiqizi omkhulu wezimoto emhlabeni wonke onenani lezimoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle eziyizigidi ezingu-4.91. Kusukela ngoNtulikazi kulo nyaka, umthamo wezimoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezweni lami usufinyelele ezigidini ezingu-3.262, okuwukukhula konyaka ngonyaka ngama-28.8%. Iyaqhubeka nokugcina umfutho wayo wokukhula futhi isezingeni eliqinile njengezwe elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni elithumela kwamanye amazwe.
ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zezwe lami kugcwele izimoto zabagibeli. Umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe owenziwe wanqwabelana ezinyangeni zokuqala eziyisikhombisa wawungamayunithi ayizigidi ezi-2.738, okubalelwa ku-84% yenani eliphelele, nokugcina ukukhula okuphindwe kabili okungaphezu kwama-30%.
Mayelana nohlobo lwamandla, izimoto zikaphethiloli zendabuko kuseyizo ezihamba phambili ekuthumeleni amazwe angaphandle. Ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zokuqala, isamba sezimoto ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eziyizigidi ezingu-2.554, okuwukukhula konyaka ngama-34.6%. Ngokuphambene, umthamo wokuthekelisa wezimoto ezintsha ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ngesikhathi esifanayo wawungamayunithi angama-708,000, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-11.4%. Izinga lokukhula lehle kakhulu, futhi umnikelo walo ekuthunyelweni kwezimoto usuwonke wehla.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngo-2023 nangaphambili, izimoto ezintsha zamandla kube yizo ezihamba phambili ezishayela ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zezwe lami ngaphandle. Ngo-2023, izimoto zezwe lami zizoba ngamayunithi angu-4.91 million, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-57.9%, okungaphezu kwezinga lokukhula kwezimoto zikaphethiloli, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokukhula unyaka nonyaka kwamandla amasha ngo-77.6%. izimoto. Kusukela ngonyaka ka-2020, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla kwamanye amazwe kuye kwagcina izinga lokukhula elingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili, njengoba inani lonyaka lokuthumela ngaphandle lenyuka lisuka ezimotweni ezingaphansi kuka-100,000 laya ezimotweni ezingama-680,000 ngo-2022.
Nokho, izinga lokukhula kwezimoto ezintsha ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwehlile kulo nyaka, okube nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwezwe lami jikelele lokuthekelisa izimoto. Nakuba inani eliphelele lokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe lisakhuphuka cishe ngo-30% unyaka nonyaka, libonise ukwehla kwezinga lenyanga nenyanga. Idatha yangoJulayi ibonisa ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zezwe lami kukhuphuke ngo-19.6% unyaka nonyaka futhi kwehle ngo-3.2% inyanga nenyanga.
Ngokukhethekile ezimotweni ezintsha zamandla, nakuba umthamo othunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ulondoloze ukukhula okuphindwe kabili kwe-11% ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zokuqala zalo nyaka, wehle kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa nokwanda okuphindwe ka-1.5 esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka odlule. Ngonyaka owodwa nje, izimoto ezintsha zezwe lami ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zibhekane nezinguquko ezinkulu kangaka. Kungani?
Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwezimoto zamandla amasha kuhamba kancane
NgoJulayi kulo nyaka, izimoto ezintsha ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwezwe lami zafinyelela ku-103,000, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-2.2% kuphela, futhi izinga lokukhula liye lehla kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa, iningi lemiqulu yanyanga zonke yokuthekelisa ngaphambi kukaJuni lisagcine izinga lokukhula konyaka nonyaka elingaphezu kuka-10%. Nokho, ukuthambekela kokukhula okuphindwe kabili kokuthengiswa kwanyanga zonke okwakuvamile ngonyaka odlule akusabonakali futhi.
Ukwakheka kwalesi simo kuvela ezintweni eziningi. Okokuqala nje, ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwesisekelo sezimoto ezintsha ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwezimoto ezikhiqiza amandla amasha kube nomthelela ekusebenzeni kokukhula. Ngo-2020, umthamo wezimoto ezintsha zamandla othunyelwa ezweni lami uzoba cishe amayunithi ayi-100,000. Isisekelo sincane futhi izinga lokukhula kulula ukuligqamisa. Ngo-2023, umthamo wokuthekelisa ukhuphuke wafinyelela ku-1.203 wezigidi zezimoto. Ukunwetshwa kwesisekelo kwenza kube nzima ukugcina izinga lokukhula eliphezulu, futhi ukwehla kwezinga lokukhula nakho kunengqondo.
Okwesibili, izinguquko kuzinqubomgomo zamazwe amakhulu athumela kwamanye amazwe zibe nomthelela ekuthunyelweni kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla ezwe lami.
Ngokwemininingwane evela ku-General Administration of Customs, iBrazil, iBelgium, kanye ne-United Kingdom yizona ezihamba phambili ezintathu eziphuma phambili zezimoto zamandla amasha ezweni lami engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazwe ase-Europe anjengeSpain neJalimane nawo ayizimakethe ezibalulekile zokuthunyelwa kwamandla amasha ezweni lami. Ngonyaka odlule, ukudayiswa kwezwe lami kwezimoto ezikhiqiza amandla amasha ezithunyelwe e-Europe kwaba cishe amaphesenti angama-40 engqikithi. Kodwa-ke, kulo nyaka, ukuthengiswa emazweni angamalungu e-EU ngokuvamile kubonise ukwehla, kwehla cishe ku-30%.
Isici esibalulekile esidala lesi simo uphenyo lwe-EU oluphikisayo mayelana nezimoto zikagesi zezwe lami ezithengwa kwamanye amazwe. Kusukela mhla zi-5 kuNtulikazi, i-EU izobeka amanani entengo esikhashana angu-17.4% kuya ku-37.6% ezimotweni zikagesi ezingenasici ezivela kwamanye amazwe ezivela e-China ngesisekelo sentela evamile engu-10%, nenkathi emisiwe yezinyanga ezi-4. Le nqubomgomo yaholela ngokuqondile ekwehleni okukhulu kwentengo yezimoto zikagesi zaseShayina ezithunyelwa e-Europe, okuphinde kwaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe.
Xhuma i-hybrid enjinini entsha ukuze ikhule
Nakuba izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezihlanzekile zezwe lami sezizuze ukukhula okunamadijithi amabili e-Asia, eNingizimu Melika naseNyakatho Melika, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezingashintshiwe sekukonke kukhombise ukwehla ngenxa yokwehla okukhulu kokuthengiswa ezimakethe zase-Europe nase-Oceanian.
Idatha ibonisa ukuthi engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2024, ukuthunyelwa kwezwe lami kwezimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile eYurophu kwakungamayunithi angu-303,000, ukwehla konyaka ngonyaka ngo-16%; ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-Oceania bekungamayunithi angama-43,000, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-19%. Ukwehla kwezimakethe kulezi zimakethe ezimbili ezinkulu kuyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ngithintwe yilokhu, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zikagesi ezingahlanzekile kwezwe lakithi kwehle izinyanga ezine zilandelana kusukela ngoNdasa, kanti ukwehla kwenyuke kusuka ku-2.4% kuya ku-16.7%.
Ukuthunyelwa kokuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla emazweni angaphandle ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zokuqala kusalokhu kukhule ngamadijithi amabili, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokusebenza okuqinile kwamamodeli we-plug-in hybrid (plug-in hybrid). NgoJulayi, umthamo wokuthekelisa we-plug-in hybrids ufinyelele izimoto ze-27,000, ukwanda konyaka ngonyaka izikhathi ezingu-1.9; ivolumu yokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe enqwabelene ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zokuqala yayiyizimoto eziyi-154,000, okuwukukhula konyaka ngonyaka izikhathi ezi-1.8.
Ingxenye yama-plug-in hybrids ezimotweni ezintsha ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ikhuphuke isuka ku-8% ngonyaka odlule yaya ku-22%, kancane kancane yashintsha izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezingaxutshwe nalutho njengezihamba phambili zokukhulisa ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zamandla amasha.
Amamodeli we-hybrid ye-plug-in abonisa ukukhula okusheshayo ezifundeni eziningi. Engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-Asia kwakuyizimoto ezingu-36,000, ukwanda konyaka ngonyaka izikhathi ezingu-2,9; eNingizimu Melika kwakuyizimoto ezingu-69 000, ukwanda izikhathi ezingu-3,2; eNyakatho Melika kwakuyizimoto ezingu-21 000, okuwukunyuka konyaka izikhathi ezingu-11,6. Ukukhula okuqinile kulezi zifunda kuqeda ngempumelelo umthelela wokwehla e-Europe nase-Oceania.
Ukukhula kokuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe ye-plug-in yaseShayina ezimakethe eziningi emhlabeni wonke kuhlobene kakhulu nokusebenza kwezindleko nokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa namamodeli kagesi amsulwa, amamodeli ayingxube ehlanganisiwe anezindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza izimoto, futhi izinzuzo zokukwazi ukusebenzisa kokubili uwoyela nogesi ziwenza akwazi ukumboza izimo eziningi zokusetshenziswa kwezimoto.
Imboni ngokuvamile ikholelwa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obuhlanganisiwe bunamathemba abanzi emakethe yamandla amasha emhlabeni wonke futhi kulindeleke ukuthi buhambisane nezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi futhi zibe umgogodla wokuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla eChina.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-13-2024