Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuthandwa kancane kancane kobuchwepheshe bokushayela osizwayo, ngenkathi kuhlinzeka lula ukuhamba kwabantu nsuku zonke, futhi kuletha ezinye izingozi ezintsha zokuphepha. Izingozi zethrafikhi ezibikwa kaningi zenze ukuphepha kokusizwa okusizwa ngesihloko esiphikisayo ngombono womphakathi. Phakathi kwazo, noma kubalulekile ukuhlomisa uhlelo olusizwayo lokushayela sisayina ukukhanya ngaphandle kwemoto ukukhombisa ngokusobala isimo sokushayela semoto sekugxilwe ukunakwa.
Yini ukukhanya kohlelo lokushayela okuyisisekelo?
Isibani esibizwa ngokuthi ukushayela okusizwa okuyisifiso ukushayela kubhekisele ekukhanyisweni okukhethekile okufakwe ngaphandle kwemoto. Ngokufaka izikhundla ezithile zokufaka kanye nemibala, kuyinkomba ecacile kwezinye izimoto nabahamba ngezinyawo emgwaqweni uhlelo lokushayela olusizayo elawulwa ukusebenza kwezimoto, ukuthuthukisa umbono wabasebenzisi bomgwaqo nokuxhumana. Ihlose ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwezimoto zomgwaqo futhi inciphise izingozi zomgwaqo ezibangelwa ukwakheka okungafanele kwesimo sokushayela imoto.
Umgomo wawo wokusebenza ususelwa ezinzwa nasezinhlelweni zokulawula ngaphakathi kwemoto. Lapho imoto iphenduka emsebenzini wokushayela osizwayo, uhlelo luzosebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo amalambu okusayina ukukhumbuza abanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo ukuthi banake.
Kuholwa yizinkampani zezimoto, izibani zesibonakaliso sohlelo lokushayela ezisizwayo akuvamile ukusetshenziswa
Kulesi sigaba, ngoba azikho amazinga kazwelonke aphoqelekile, phakathi kwamamodeli athengiswa emakethe yezimoto ezifuywayo, amamodeli we-LI auto kuphela afakwe ngenkuthalo ngamalambu okusayina asiza uhlelo lokushayela, futhi umbala wamalambu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuthatha i-L9 ekahle njengesibonelo, yonke imoto ifakwe amalambu okumaka ama-5, ama-4 ngaphambili no-1 ngemuva (i-LI L7 inama-2). Lokhu kukhanya okumaka kufakwe zombili amamodeli we-AD Pro ne-ADS ekahle. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi esimweni esizenzakalelayo, lapho imoto iphenduka uhlelo lokushayela olusizwayo, ukukhanya kwesibonakaliso kuzokhanya ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi lo msebenzi ungavalwa futhi ngesandla.
Ngokombono wamazwe omhlaba, awekho amazinga afanele noma imininingwane yokucaciswa kwezibani ezisizwayo zokushayela esiteshini sokushayela emazweni ahlukahlukene, futhi izinkampani eziningi zezimoto zithatha isinyathelo kuqala sokuzihlanganisa. Thatha uMercedes-Benz njengesibonelo. Ngemuva kokuvunywa ukuthengisa izimoto ezihlome ngemodi yokushayela esizwakalayo (i-drive umshayeli) eCalifornia naseNevada, kuholele ekutheni amamodeli we-lungiseles-benz-benz eqs. Lapho imodi yokushayela esizilekile icushiwe,, amalambu nawo azovulwa ngasikhathi sinye ukuqwashisa ezinye izimoto nabahamba ngezinyawo emgwaqweni, kanye nabasebenzi bezomthetho zomgwaqo.
Akunzima ukuthola ukuthi naphezu kokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bokushayela osizwayo emhlabeni wonke, kusenokuntuleka okuthile kumazinga afanelekayo. Iningi lezinkampani zemoto ligxile ocwaningweni lobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko kanye nokumaketha komkhiqizo. Ngezibani zesibonakaliso sohlelo lokushayela olusizwa nokunye ukunakwa okunganele kukhokhwa ekuhlelweni kokhiye okuhlobene nokuphepha kokushayela umgwaqo.
Ukwenza ngcono ukuphepha emigwaqweni, kubalulekile ukufaka izibani zesistimu yokushayela esizwakalayo yokushayela
Eqinisweni, isizathu esiyisisekelo sokufaka amalambu esibonakaliso sohlelo lokushayela osizayo ukunciphisa izehlakalo zezingozi zomgwaqo futhi uthuthukise ukuphepha kokushayela komgwaqo. Ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, yize amasistimu wokushayela asiza abasekhaya asiza njengamanje awafinyeleli "okunemibandela enemininingwane enemininingwane enemibandela", asondele kakhulu ngokuya ngemisebenzi yangempela. Ezinye izinkampani zezimoto zake zasho ekuphakanyisweni kwazo ukuthi izinga lokushayela elisizwayo lezimoto zabo ezintsha lingelika-L2.99999 ... izinga, elisondele kakhulu ku-L3. UZhu Xichan, uprofesa eTong Diversity School of izimoto, ukholelwa ukuthi ukufaka izibani zokusayina zohlelo lokushayela ezisizayo kunenjongo yezimoto ezixhunyiwe ezihlakaniphile. Manje izimoto eziningi zithi i-L2 + empeleni zinamakhono we-L3. Abanye abashayeli empeleni basebenzisa inqubo yokusebenzisa imoto, kuzokwakhiwa imikhuba yokusebenzisa i-L3, njengokushayela ngaphandle kwezandla noma izinyawo isikhathi eside, okuzokwenza ingozi ethile yokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuphenduka uhlelo lokushayela olusizwa, kudingeka kube nesikhumbuzo esicacile kwabanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo ngaphandle.
Ngasekuqaleni konyaka, umnikazi wemoto wavula uhlelo lokushayela olusizwa ngenkathi eshayela ngejubane elikhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho ushintsha imizila, wayiphatha kabi ibhodi lebhilidi phambi kwakhe ukuze afake isithiyo abese edilizwa ukumiswa kungazelelwe, okwenza imoto ngemuva kokwazi ukugwema imoto futhi idala ukushayisana kwayo. Cabanga nje, uma le moto yomnikazi wemoto ifakwe ukukhanya okuyisisekelo kokushayela isibonakaliso sokushayela bese iliguqula ngokuzenzakalelayo, nakanjani izonikeza isikhumbuzi esicacile ezimotweni ezizungezile: Ngivule uhlelo lokushayela olusizayo. Abashayeli bezinye izimoto bazobe beqaphile ngemuva kokuthola ngokushesha ukushesha bathathe isinyathelo sokuhlala kude noma ukugcina ibanga elikhulu eliphephile, elingavimba ingozi ukuthi ingenzeki. Kulokhu, uZhang Yue, uMongameli Ophakeme Wemisebenzi Yemisebenzi Ukubonisana, ukholelwa ukuthi kuyadingeka ukufaka izibani zesiginali zangaphandle ezimotweni zosizo zosizo. Njengamanje, izinga lokungena kwezimoto elihlomele nezinhlelo ze-L2 + zokusiza ezisizwayo zikhula njalo. Kunethuba eliphakeme lokuhlangana nemoto enezinhlelo ze-L2 + ngenkathi ushayela endleleni, kepha akunakwenzeka ukwahlulela ngaphandle. Uma kunokukhanya okusayina ngaphandle, ezinye izimoto ezisendleleni zizoqonda kahle isimo sokushayela semoto, ezovusa ukuqashelwa, zinake kakhulu lapho zilandela noma zigcina ibanga eliphephile.
Eqinisweni, izindlela ezifanayo zokuxwayisa azijwayelekile. Okwaziwa kahle kakhulu mhlawumbe "uphawu lwe-internship". Ngokwezidingo ze- "Regulations ekusetshenzisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwamalayisense okushayela imoto", izinyanga eziyi-12 ngemuva kokuthi umshayeli wemoto ethola ilayisense yokushayela itholakala nelayisense lokushayela. Ngalesi sikhathi, lapho ushayela imoto, isitayela somfaniswano "sesitayela" kufanele sinamathiselwe noma silengiswe ngemuva komzimba wemoto. " Imoto iqhutshwa ngumuntu noma ngohlelo olusizwayo lokushayela, olungaholela kalula ekunganaki nasekulweni kabi., Ngaleyo ndlela kwamukele ubungozi bezingozi zomgwaqo.
Amazinga adinga ukwenziwa ngcono. Izibani zesibonakaliso sohlelo lokushayela olusizwayo kufanele zisebenze ngokusemthethweni.
Ngakho-ke, njengoba amalambu esibonakaliso sohlelo lokushayela olwenzelwe ukushayela abaluleke kakhulu, ingabe izwe linemigomo nemigomo efanelekile kanye nemitheshwana okufanele ibakhulule? Eqinisweni, kulesi sigaba, kuphela imithetho yendawo ekhishwe yiShenzhen, "i-Shenzhen ekhethekile yezomnotho ihlakaniphile exhumene nezidingo zokushayela izibani ezizenzakalelayo, kunesikhumbuzo sokuzithela esitokisini", kepha lo mthethonqubo usebenza kuphela ezimweni ezintathu ezixhunyiwe Ukushayela, ukushayela okuzimele kakhulu nokushayela okuzimele ngokuphelele. Ngamanye amagama, kusebenza kuphela amamodeli we-L3 naku-Presting "kanye nosuku lokuqalisa imininingwane" nosuku lokuhlelwa kwezokwazisa. Nokho, le ncwadi kazwelonke Okujwayelekile futhi kuhlose amamodeli we-L3 nama-Ap ngenhla.
Akunakuphikwa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwezinga le-L3 level Autonoutorous Driving sekuqalile ukusheshisa, kepha kulesi sigaba, izinhlelo zokushayela ezisizwa ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswayo zisagxilwe ezingeni le-L2 noma L2 +. Ngokusho kwemininingwane evela kwinhlangano yabagibeli yemoto, kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuFebhuwari 2024, isilinganiso sokufaka sezimoto ezintsha zabagibeli bamandla nge-L2 nangenhla kwemisebenzi yokushayela ethola i-62.5% yafinyelela kulikhulu. ULu Fang, i-CEO yeLantu Auto, eyayishiwo ngaphambili ehlobo laseDavos Forum ngoJuni ukuthi "kulindeleke ukuthi ukushayela okusizwa kwaL5-Level Ukushayela kuzothathwa kabanzi kungakapheli iminyaka emithathu kuya kwemihlanu." Kungabonakala ukuthi izimoto ezingama-L2 ne-L2 + zizoba ngumzimba omkhulu wemakethe isikhathi eside esizayo. Ngakho-ke, sibiza iminyango yezwe efanele ukucubungula ngokugcwele izimo zangempela zemakethe lapho ziqala amazinga afanele, zifaka izibani ezifanele zohlelo lokushayela ezikhundleni zikazwelonke, futhi ngasikhathi sinye zihlanganisa inombolo, umbala okhanyayo, isikhundla, ukubekwa phambili, njll. Ukuvikela ukuphepha kokushayela umgwaqo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sibuye sibizele noMnyango Wezimboni kanye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi ukuze bafake "izinyathelo zokuphatha zokuthola amalayisense ezimoto ezihamba ngezimoto nemikhiqizo" yokuthola imishini yokuvuma izimoto ezintsha futhi njengenye yezinto zokuhlola izimoto okufanele zidluliselwe ngaphambi kokuthi imoto ibekwe emakethe. .
Izincazelo ezinhle ngemuva kokusayinwa kwesistimu yosizo lokushayela
Njengomunye wokucushwa kwezimoto kwezimoto, ukwethulwa kwezibani ezisizwayo zohlelo lokushayela zikwazi ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kobuchwepheshe bokushayela osizwayo ngokuqanjwa kochungechunge lwezobuchwepheshe kanye namazinga wezobuchwepheshe. Isibonelo, ngokuklanywa kombala kanye nemodi ekhazimulayo yamalambu wesibonakaliso, amazinga ahlukene wezinhlelo zokushayela asiza ahlukaniswe, njenge-L2, L3, njll., Ngaleyo ndlela ukusheshisa ukuthandwa kwezinhlelo zokushayela ezisizwayo.
Kubathengi, ukuthandwa kwezibani zesibonakaliso sohlelo lokushayela esiyisizwe kuzothuthukisa ukubonakala kwalo lonke imboni yemoto ehlakaniphile exhunyiwe, okuvumela abathengi ukuthi baqonde kahle ukuthi yiziphi izimoto ezihlotshiswe nezinhlelo zabo zokushayela ezisizwayo. Qonda, ukugqugquzela ukwethembana nokwamukelwa. Kwezinkampani zemoto, izibani zokusayina zohlelo lokushayela zisize ngokungangabazeki ziyinkomba enembile yobuholi bomkhiqizo. Isibonelo, lapho abathengi bebona imoto ifakwe ngamalambu okusayina esistimu yohlelo lokushayela, azoyihlobisa ngobuchwepheshe obuphezulu nokuphepha. Izithombe ezinhle ezifana nocansi zihambisana nomunye, ngaleyo ndlela zikhulise inhloso yokuthenga.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusuka ezingeni le-macro, ngokuthuthukiswa komhlaba wonke kobuchwepheshe bezimoto ezixhunyiwe ezixhunyiwe, ukushintshaniswa kwezobuchwepheshe kwamazwe omhlaba kanye nokusebenzisana sekuye kwenzeka njalo. Uma sibhekene nesimo samanje, amazwe asemhlabeni wonke awunawo imithetho ecacile nezindinganiso ezihlanganisiwe zezibani zokusayina zohlelo lokushayela. Njengomuntu obambe iqhaza emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe bezimoto ezixhunyiwe ezixhunyiwe, izwe lami lingaholele futhi likhuthaze inqubo yokuhambisa ubuchwepheshe obuyisikeko obuzwayo emhlabeni wonke ngezibani zezwe lokuzisiza zohlelo lokuzisiza.
Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-05-2024