Inkinga 'yokuguga' empeleni ikhona yonke indawo. Manje sekuyithuba lomkhakha webhethri.
"Inani elikhulu lamabhethri ezimoto ezintsha zamandla azophelelwa yisikhathi eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili ezayo, futhi kuyaphuthuma ukuxazulula inkinga yempilo yebhethri." Muva nje, uLi Bin, uSihlalo kanye ne-CEO yeNio, uxwayise kaningi ukuthi uma lo magazini ungakwazi ukusingathwa kahle, izindleko ezinkulu zesikhathi esizayo zizosetshenziswa ukuxazulula izinkinga ezilandelayo.
Ngemakethe yebhethri yamandla, kulo nyaka kungunyaka okhethekile. Ngo-2016, izwe lami lasebenzisa inqubomgomo yewaranti yeminyaka engu-8 noma engu-120,000-khilomitha yekhilomitha yamabhethri amasha ezimoto zamandla. Kulezi zinsuku, amabhethri wezimoto ezintsha ezithengwa ngonyaka wokuqala wenqubomgomo asondela noma afinyelela ekugcineni kwesikhathi sewaranti. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili elandelayo, ingqikithi yezimoto ezintsha ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-19 izongena kancane kancane umjikelezo webhethri.
Kwezinkampani zezimoto ezifuna ukwenza ibhizinisi lebhethri, le yimakethe yokuthi angaphuthelwa.
Ngo-1995, imoto entsha yamandla entsha yezwe lami igingqa umugqa womhlangano - ibhasi elihlanzekile elithi "Yuanwang". Eminyakeni engama-20 eyedlule kusukela lapho, imboni yemoto entsha yezwe yathuthuka kancane.
Ngoba umsindo mncane kakhulu futhi ikakhulukazi asebenza izimoto ezisebenzayo, abasebenzisi abakakwazi ukujabulela amazinga wewaranti kazwelonke elihlanganisiwe le "Inhliziyo" yezimoto ezintsha - ibhethri. Ezinye izifundazwe, amadolobha noma izinkampani zezimoto ziye zakhiwa namazinga wewaranti yebhethri kagesi, iningi lazo lihlinzeka ngewaranti yeminyaka emi-5 noma eyi-100,000-khilomitha, kepha amandla abophayo awaqinile.
Kwakungenjalo kuze kube ngu-2015 ukuthi ukuthengiswa kwezwe lami konyaka izimoto ezintsha zaqala ukwedlula umaki wamandla angama-300,000, ukuba yimithi entsha engenakunakwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo sihlinzeka ngezinqubomgomo ezifana ne- "Real Money" ezifana nezinkantolo zamandla ezintsha nokukhululwa kusuka ekuthengeni intela ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla amasha, nezinkampani zezimoto nomphakathi nazo zisebenza ndawonye.
Ngo-2016, inqubomgomo yebhethri yebhethri yebhethri elihlangene. Isikhathi sewaranti seminyaka engu-8 noma amakhilomitha ayi-120,000 isikhathi eside kuneMinyaka emi-3 noma engamakhilomitha angama-60,000 enjini. Ukuphendula le nqubomgomo kanye nokucatshangelwa ngokwandisa ukuthengiswa kwamandla amasha, ezinye izinkampani zezimoto ziye zandisa isikhathi sewaranti kumakhilomitha angama-240,000 noma ngisho nesiqinisekiso sokuphila. Lokhu kufana nokunikeza abathengi abafuna ukuthenga izimoto ezintsha zamandla "isiqinisekiso".
Kusukela lapho, imakethe yamandla entsha yezwe lami ingene esiteji sokukhula okusheshayo, ngokuthengisa okwedlula izimoto eziyisigidi okokuqala ngo-2018. Kusukela ngonyaka owedlule, inqwaba yamandla eminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ifinyelela eminyakeni engu-19.5, kwandiswa okukodwa okuvela eminyakeni eyisikhombisa edlule.
Ngokulandelana, kusukela ngo-2025 kuya ku-2032, inani lezimoto ezintsha ezinamawaranti aphelelwe yisikhathi aphela futhi unyaka nonyaka, kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-320,000 kuya ku-720,000 ezigidini ezingama-320,000 kuya kwazo-320,000 kuya ku-720,000 ezigidini ezingama-320,000. U-Libha uveze ukuthi kusukela ngonyaka olandelayo, abasebenzisi bazobhekana nezinkinga ezinjengezinga lebhethri le-Out-of-of-of-of-of-of-of-of-of-of-of-of-of-of-forwaranti, "Izindleko zezimoto zinezindleko ezihlukile zokuphila" nezindleko eziphezulu zokubuyiselwa kwebhethri.
Le nto izobonakala ngokwengeziwe emabheshini okuqala ezimoto ezintsha zamandla. Ngaleso sikhathi, ubuchwepheshe bebhethri, izinqubo zokukhiqiza, nezinsizakalo zokuthengisa ngemuva bezingavuthiwe ngokwanele, okuholela ekuzinweni komkhiqizo okumpofu. Cishe ngo-2017, izindaba zebhethri lebhethri le-Power zavela ngokulandelana. Isihloko sokuphepha kwebhethri sesiphenduke isihloko esishisayo embonini futhi sithinte ukuqiniseka kwabathengi ekuthengeni izimoto ezintsha zamandla.
Njengamanje, ngokuvamile kukholelwa embonini yokuthi impilo yebhethri imvamisa iminyaka eyi-3-5, futhi impilo yenkonzo yemoto ivame ukwedlula iminyaka emi-5. Ibhethri yingxenye ebiza kakhulu yemoto entsha yamandla, ngokuvamile i-accounting cishe ama-30% wezindleko zemoto ephelele.
I-NIO ihlinzeka ngemininingwane yezindleko zamaphakethe webhethri ebhethri okuthengiswa ngemuva kokuthengisa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla. Isibonelo, umthamo webhethri wekhodi elihlanzekile likagesi elibizwa ngegama elithi "A" ngu-96.1kWh, kanye nezindleko zokubuyiselwa kwebhethri ziphakeme ngo-233,000 yuan. Kumamodeli amabili anwetshiwe anwetshiwe anomthamo webhethri acishe abe ngu-40khwh, izindleko zokubuyiselwa kwebhethri zingaphezu kwama-80,000 yuan. Ngisho namamodeli we-hybrid anamandla kagesi angabi ngaphezu kwe-30KWh, izindleko zokubuyiselwa kwebhethri zisondele kuma-60,000 yuan.
"Amanye amamodeli avela kubakhiqizi abanobungane agijime amakhilomitha ayisigidi, kepha amabhethri amathathu alimale," kusho uLi Bin. Izindleko zokubuyisela amabhethri amathathu sekwedlule intengo yemoto uqobo.
Uma izindleko zokufaka esikhundleni sebhethri ziguqulwa zibe ngama-yuan angama-60,000, khona-ke izimoto ezintsha zamandla eziyi-19,5 zezigidi ezizophelelwa yisikhathi eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili zizokwakha imakethe entsha yedola. Ukusuka ezinkampanini ze-Upstream Lithium ziye ezinkampanini zamabhethri ebhethri aseMidStream kuya ezinkampanini ze-midstream and downstream ezinkampanini zezimoto nakwabathengisi ngemuva kokuthengisa, bonke bazohlomula kulokhu.
Uma izinkampani zifuna ukuthola okuningi kwephayi, kufanele zincintisane ukuze zibone ukuthi ngubani ongakhulisa ibhethri elisha elingathwebula kangcono "izinhliziyo" zabathengi.
Eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili elandelayo, cishe amabhethri ezimoto acishe abe yizigidi ezingama-20 azongena kumjikelezo wokufaka esikhundleni. Izinkampani zebhethri nezinkampani zezimoto zonke zifuna ukubamba leli "bhizinisi".
Njengendlela ehlukahlukene ekuthuthukisweni kwamandla okusha, izinkampani eziningi ziveze nokuthi ubuchwepheshe bebhethri buphinde basebenzise izakhiwo ze-lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, izwe eliqinile le-motium, nesifundazwe sonke. Kulesi sigaba, i-lithium iron phosphate kanye namabhethri e-lithium we-ternary angukujwayelekile, abalalelwa cishe ama-99% okukhishwa okuphelele.
Njengamanje, i-National Imboni evamile yebhethri ayikwazi ukwedlula i-20% ngesikhathi sewaranti, futhi idinga ukuthi i-attenciation yamandla ayidluli ku-80% ngemuva kokushaja okugcwele okuphelele nemiphumela yokukhipha.
Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, kunzima ukufeza lesi sidingo ngenxa yemiphumela yokushisa okuphansi kanye nokushaja okuphezulu okushisa okuphezulu nokukhipha. Idatha ikhombisa njengamanje, amabhethri amaningi anempilo engama-70% kuphela ngesikhathi sewaranti. Lapho impilo yebhethri yehla ngaphansi kwama-70%, ukusebenza kwayo kuzokwehla kakhulu, isipiliyoni somsebenzisi sizothinteka kakhulu, futhi izinkinga zokuphepha zizovela.
Ngokusho kweWeilai, ukwehla kwempilo yebhethri kuhlobene kakhulu nemikhuba yokusebenzisa izimoto kanye "nezindlela zokugcina imoto" kwazo "ukugcinwa kwezimoto" ama-akhawunti angama-85%. Abanye ochwepheshe baveze ukuthi abasebenzisi abaningi bamandla abasha namuhla bajwayele ukusebenzisa ukushaja okusheshayo ukuze baphinde basebenzise amandla, kepha ukusetshenziswa njalo kokushaja okusheshayo kuzosheshisa impilo yebhethri futhi kufinyeze impilo yebhethri.
U-Lin Lin ukholelwa ukuthi u-2024 uyisikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu. "Kuyadingeka ukwakha uhlelo olungcono lwebhethri lokuphila lwabasebenzisi, lonke imboni, kanye nomphakathi wonke."
Ngokuya lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwamanje kobuchwepheshe bebhethri kuthinteka, ukwakheka kwamabhethri okuphila isikhathi eside kufanelekile emakethe. Le bhethri lesikhathi eside lempilo, elaziwa nangokuthi "Ibhethri elingelona ele-attinuation", ikakhulukazi amabhethri e-lithium akhona (ikakhulukazi amabhethri e-lithium carbonate athuthukiswa ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-elektrodi ezilungile zokubambezela. Okungukuthi, impahla evumayo ye-elektrode ingezwe nge- "Lithium Replishing Agent", futhi izinto ezingezinhle ze-elektrodi zidonswa nge-silicon.
Ithrekhi yemboni "i-silicon doping ne-lithium ephindaphinda". Abanye abahlaziyi bathi ngesikhathi senqubo yokushaja kwamandla amasha, ikakhulukazi uma ukushaja okusheshayo kuvame ukusetshenziswa, "ukumuncwa kwe-lithium" kuzokwenzeka, okungukuthi, i-lithium ilahlekile. Ukungezelela kwe-Lithium kunganweba impilo yebhethri, kuyilapho i-silicon doping ingafushanisa isikhathi sokushaja kwebhethri.
Eqinisweni, izinkampani ezifanele zisebenza kanzima ukuthuthukisa impilo yebhethri. NgoMashi 14, uNio ukhiphe isu lawo lebhethri elide. Emhlanganweni, uNio wethula ukuthi uhlelo lwebhethri lwe-150kWh oluphezulu lwe-Energy Energy luthuthukile lune-density yamandla engaphezu kwama-50% ngenkathi igcina ivolumu efanayo. Ngonyaka owedlule, uWeilai ET7 wawuhlome ngebhethri le-150-degree lokuhlolwa kwangempela, futhi impilo yebhethri ye-CLTC yedlula amakhilomitha ayinkulungwane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-NIO nayo ithuthukise uhlelo lwebhethri lwe-100KWh olunamakhambi e-100KWh Iseli elikhulu lebhethri le-cylindrical elithuthukisiwe elinokumelana kwangaphakathi kwama-1,6 milliohms linamandla okushaja ama-5c futhi lingahlala lifinyelela kuma-255km ngemali ekhokhiswe ngemizuzu engu-5.
NIO said that based on the large battery replacement cycle, the battery life can still maintain 80% health after 12 years, which is higher than the industry average of 70% health in 8 years. Manje, i-NIO ihlangana ne-catl ukuthuthukisa ngokuhlanganyela amabhethri empilo ende, enenhloso yokuba nezinga lezempilo elingaphansi kwama-85% lapho impilo yebhethri iphela eminyakeni eyi-15.
Ngaphambi kwalokhu, uCatl umemezele ngo-2020 ukuthi lalisungule "ibhethri le-actnuation le-actinuation" elingafinyelela ama-actinuation zero kungakapheli imijikelezo engu-1,500. Ngokusho kwabantu abajwayelene nalolu daba, ibhethri lisetshenzisiwe kumaphrojekthi wokugcina amandla e-Catl, kepha azikho izindaba okwamanje emkhakheni wezimoto zabagibeli bamandla amasha.
Ngalesi sikhathi, amabhethri akwa-Catl kanye neZhiji ahlanganisiwe kagesi asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be- "Silicon-doped lithium-applement" "athi angakwazi ukufeza amakhilomitha angama-200,000, nobuningi bamandla obukhulu bebhethri elingafika ku-300Wh / kg.
Ukuthandwa nokukhuthaza amabhethri empilo amade kunokubaluleka okuthile kwezinkampani zemoto, abasebenzisi abasha bamandla ngisho nalo lonke imboni.
Okokuqala, izinkampani zemoto kanye nabakhiqizi bebhethri, kwandisa i-chip yokuxoxisana empini yokusetha izinga lebhethri. Noma ngubani ongakhulisa noma asebenzise amabhethri empilo amade kuqala azosho okuningi futhi athathe izimakethe eziningi kuqala. Ikakhulu izinkampani ezinentshisekelo emakethe yokubuyiselwa kwebhethri zilangazelela kakhulu.
Njengoba sonke sazi, izwe lami alikayeki okujwayelekile kwebhethri elijwayelekile kulesi sigaba. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe bokubuyiselwa kwebhethri buyinkambu yokuhlola yamaphayona yokulinganisa ibhethri lamandla. UXin Guobin, ungqongqoshe wePhini Lomnyango Wezobuchwepheshe kanye Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi, wakwenza kwacaca ngo-June ngonyaka owedlule ukuthi uzofunda futhi athuthukise ukuhlanganiswa kobukhulu bebhethri, i-battery swap interface, izinqubo zokuxhumana kanye namanye amazinga. Lokhu akugcini nje kuphela ukukhuthaza ukuguquguquka nokuguquguquka kwamabhethri, kepha kusiza nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Amabhizinisi afisa ukuba yi-steam steard emakethe yokubuyiselwa kwebhethri asheshise imizamo yawo. Ukuthatha i-NIO njengesibonelo, ngokususelwa ekusebenzeni nasekuhlelweni kwedatha enkulu yebhethri, i-NIO yelule umjikelezo wempilo kanye nenani lamabhethri ohlelweni olukhona. Lokhu kuletha igumbi lokulungiswa kwamanani e-Baas Battery Rental Services. Enkonzweni yokuqashwa kwebhethri elisha leBaas, intengo yokuqasha yebhethri yebhethri yehlisiwe kusuka ku-980 yuan kuya ku-728 yuan ngenyanga, futhi ipakethe lebhethri lesikhathi eside lilungisiwe lisuka ku-1,680 yuan liye ku-1,128 yuan ngenyanga.
Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi ukwakhiwa kokubambisana kokushintshaniswa kwamandla phakathi kontanga kuhambisana nesiqondiso senqubomgomo.
UNio ungumholi emkhakheni webhethri. Ngonyaka owedlule, uWeilai ufake i-National Battery Etlatforment standard "Khetha eyodwa kwezine". Njengamanje, i-NIO yakha futhi yasebenza neziteshi zokushintsha zebhethri ezingaphezu kuka-2 300 emakethe yezwe lonke, futhi idonsele ushintsho e-Changan, iGeely, iJac, ama-Chery nezinye izinkampani zezimoto ukujoyina inethiwekhi yayo yebhethri. Ngokusho kwemibiko, isiteshi sebhethri sebhethri se-Nio silinganiselwa ku-70,000 swaps swaps yebhethri ngosuku, nakuma-Mashi kulo nyaka, inikeze abasebenzisi abanezigidi ezingama-40 zebhethri.
Ukwethulwa kwe-Nio kwamabhethri wempilo ende ngokushesha okukhulu kungasiza isikhundla sayo emakethe yebhethri yebhethri ukuba zizinze ngokwengeziwe, futhi kungakhulisa isisindo sayo ekubeni yi-switch yebhethri. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuthandwa kwamabhethri empilo ende kuzosiza izinhlobo zemikhiqizo zikhuphule amaphrimiyamu abo. I-Insider ithe, "amabhethri e-Long-Life asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni ephezulu."
Kubathengi, uma kukhiqizwa amabhethri empilo amade futhi kufakwe ezimotweni, ngokuvamile akudingeki akhokhelwe ukushintshwa kwebhethri ngesikhathi semvume, ebona ngempela "isikhathi esifanayo semoto nebhethri." Kungathathwa futhi njengokunciphisa ngokungaqondile izindleko zokubuyiselwa kwebhethri.
Yize kugcizelelwa kwincwajana ye-New Energy Vehicle Warranty lapho ibhethri lingathathelwa indawo mahhala ngesikhathi sewaranti. Kodwa-ke, umuntu ojwayelene nalolu daba uthe ukushintshwa kwebhethri kwamahhala kungaphansi kwemibandela. "Ezimweni zangempela, ukushintshwa kwamahhala akuvamile kunikezwe, futhi okunye okunye kuzokwenqatshelwa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene." Isibonelo, uhlobo oluthile lubala ubukhulu be-non -waranti, enye yazo "ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto" ngesikhathi senqubo, inani lentengo lebhethri liphakeme kakhulu kunesilinganiso sebhethri. "
Kusuka kulokhu kubukwa, amabhethri empilo amade manje asenebhizinisi elinekhono. Kepha lapho kuzothandwa ngezinga elikhulu, isikhathi sesingakaze sinqunywe. Ngemuva kwakho konke, wonke umuntu angakhuluma ngomqondo wezobuchwepheshe we-silicon-doped lithium-reclishing technology, kepha usadinga ukuqinisekiswa kwenqubo kanye nokuhlolwa kwebhodi ngaphambi kokusebenza kwezentengiso. "Umjikelezo wentuthuko wobuchwepheshe bebhethri lesizukulwane sokuqala uzothatha okungenani iminyaka emibili," kusho imboni ngaphakathi kwemboni.
Isikhathi sePosi: APR-13-2024