Umjaho wamandla amasha womhlaba wonke uyashintsha: I-China ihamba phambili, kuyilapho isivinini sokufakwa kukagesi sabakhi bezimoto base-Europe naseMelika sihamba kancane.

1. Amabhuleki kagesi abakhiqizi bezimoto base-Europe nabaseMelika: ukulungiswa kwamasu ngaphansi kwengcindezi yomhlaba wangempela

Eminyakeni yakamuva, imakethe yezimoto yomhlaba wonke ibe nokuguquguquka okukhulu emizamweni yayo yokufakwa kukagesi. Ikakhulukazi, izikhondlakhondla zezimoto zase-Europe naseMelika ezifana neMercedes-Benz neFord sezibeke amabhuleki ezinhlelweni zazo zokufaka ugesi zalungisa nezinhlelo zazo ezikhona zokufaka ugesi. Lesi simo sihehe ukunakwa okusabalele futhi ngokuvamile sibonakala njengokulungiswa kwamasu abenzi bezimoto abavamile ababhekene nezingcindezi zomhlaba wangempela.

E-United States, izinkulungwane zabadayisi bezimoto zisayine isicelo kuCongress esiphikisa igunya lezimoto zikagesi, zisho ukuthi zigcwele ngokweqile.imoto kagesi i-inventory, imijikelezo yokuthengisa emide, nomthengi osabalele

ukukhathazeka mayelana nobunzima bokushaja. Idatha ibonisa ukuthi izinga lokukhula lokuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi e-United States lehle kakhulu, futhi ukungena emakethe kungaphansi kakhulu kwalokho okulindelekile. Ngokwezibalo zakamuva, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi e-United States kwehle cishe ngo-20% unyaka nonyaka ngo-2023, futhi ukwamukelwa kwemakethe kwezimoto zikagesi kusabhekene nezinselelo eziningi.

Isimo eYurophu sibi ngokufanayo. I-EU ibhekene nezinselelo ezibalulekile ekufezeni imigomo yayo yokukhishwa kwekhabhoni ekuqaleni eyayihlelelwe u-2025. Ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile kuye kwehla, njengoba imakethe yaseJalimane ibhekene nokwehla okukhulu, okushiya abakhiqizi bezimoto bebhekene nengozi yenhlawulo enkulu. Abakhiqizi bezimoto abaningi bendabuko babuyekeza kabusha amasu abo okufaka ugesi, abanye baze bakhethe ukukhulisa utshalomali lwabo kumamodeli ayingxube ukuze babhekane nokungaqiniseki kwemakethe.

Lolu shintsho alubonisi nje kuphela ubunzima abakhiqizi bezimoto base-Europe nabaseMelika ohlelweni lokufakwa kukagesi, kodwa futhi kuveza ukushiyeka kwabo ekusungulweni okusha kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuvumelana nezimo ezimakethe. Ngokuphambene kakhulu, ukusebenza okuqinile kweChina emakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha emhlabeni wonke kukhombisa isikhundla sayo esiphambili kumagagasi okufakwa kukagesi.

2. Ukukhuphuka kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla zaseShayina: kuqhutshwa kokubili ukunqwabelana kobuchwepheshe nokusekelwa kwenqubomgomo

Ukukhula ngokushesha kwemboni yezimoto zamandla entsha yaseShayina kuwumphumela wokuqongelela iminyaka eminingi kobuchwepheshe, ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo okusimeme, kanye nokutshalwa kwemakethe okuphelele. Ifekthri entsha ye-BYD eThailand isinenzuzo ngokushesha, ngamavolumu okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe afinyelela izinga eliphezulu, okubonisa ukwanda kwezilwandle kwemboni entsha yamandla yaseChina. Ngokwemininingwane yakamuva, ngo-2024, isibalo sezimoto ezintsha zamandla e-China sizofinyelela ezigidini ezingama-31.4, nokungena ezimakethe kuqhubeke kukhule kube ngu-45%.

Ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo kwe-China kubuchwepheshe bebhethri namanethiwekhi wokushaja kuye kwathuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo ukusebenza okuphelele kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla. Ezingeni lenqubomgomo, uhlelo lokusekela oluzinzile lusungulwe kusukela emazingeni amaphakathi kuya endawo. Lokhu akubandakanyi nje kuphela izinguquko emananini kagesi amasha axhunywe kwigridi yamandla ukuze kuzinziswe izindleko zokuphakelwa kukagesi, kodwa nokuthuthukiswa kweziteshi zokushaja zomphakathi kanye nokukhuthazwa kweziteshi zokushaja ezizimele emiphakathini ehlala abantu, ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwabathengi mayelana nempilo yebhethri. Lokhu kusekelwa okukathathu “kokucwaninga nokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe + ingqalasizinda + nokuphepha kwamandla” kwenze imakethe yezimoto zamandla entsha yaseChina yakwazi ukungena emjikelezweni omuhle.

Amandla aphoqelelwe okuncintisana kwezimakethe nawo asheshise inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe ezimotweni ezintsha zamandla zaseChina. Abakhiqizi bezimoto abafana ne-BYD bathole ukuncipha okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, futhi lezi mpumelelo zamukelwa kabanzi kumamodeli akhiqizwa ngobuningi. Abakhiqizi bezimoto baseShayina abasathembeli emananini aphansi, kodwa kunalokho bandisa isabelo sabo semakethe ngamaphrimiyamu ezobuchwepheshe, okubonisa ukuncintisana okuqinile emakethe yaseYurophu.

3. I-Outlook yesikhathi esizayo: Izindlela Zobuchwepheshe Ezinhlobonhlobo kanye Nombono Wokubambisana Kokunqoba-Win

Njengoba abakhiqizi bezimoto baseYurophu nabaseMelika behlehla ekufakeni ugesi, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “isithiyo samandla amasha” sekwande kakhulu. Nokho, lo mbono awuyinaki imithetho eyisisekelo yokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni. Inzuzo yemoto entsha yaseShayina yasungulwa ngokuncintisana okuhle, lapho abathengi bomhlaba bevota ngezinyawo zabo, bekhetha imikhiqizo eyongayo. Ukuhlehla kwabakhiqizi bezimoto base-Europe naseMelika kubangelwa kakhulu ukuntula kwabo ukuncintisana kanye nobuhlungu bokusuka ezimbonini zendabuko.

Eqinisweni, ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yamandla amasha emhlabeni wonke kuwumjaho wezobuchwepheshe, hhayi umdlalo we-zero-sum. I-China ibambe ithuba lokuguqulwa kwezimboni futhi yaqinisekisa ukubusa kwemakethe ngokusungula izinto ezintsha eziqhubekayo. Abakhiqizi bezimoto base-Europe nabaseMelika balungisa amasu abo, abanye bakhulisa utshalomali lwabo ezimotweni eziyingxubevange kanti abanye bagxile ekushayeleni ngokuzenzakalelayo. Imakethe yezamandla entsha yesikhathi esizayo izoba nesimo sokuncintisana kuzo zonke izindlela zobuchwepheshe ezihlukene.

Kuleli gagasi lenguquko eluhlaza, ukubambisana kokuwina-win kuyindlela efanele. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezamandla entsha yaseShayina akuhlinzeki nje kuphela ngenketho yezinga eliphezulu yenguquko yekhabhoni ephansi emhlabeni wonke, kodwa futhi kukhuthaza ukuthandwa kobuchwepheshe obuhlobene futhi kunciphisa izindleko zabo, kube negalelo ekuhlakanipheni kwamaShayina nezisombululo ezinseleleni ezifanayo sonke isintu esibhekene nazo.

Njengomthombo oyinhloko wemikhiqizo yezimoto yaseShayina, sizibophezele ekunikezeni izimoto zamandla ezintsha zekhwalithi ephezulu kumakhasimende aphesheya. Ngobudlelwane obuseduze nabakhiqizi bezimoto abahamba phambili njenge-BYD, siyakwazi ukunikeza amakhasimende ethu ukukhetha okubanzi kwemikhiqizo kanye nesevisi ephakeme kakhulu yangemva kokuthengisa. Umgomo wethu uwukuheha abathengi abaningi bamazwe ngamazwe futhi sikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwemikhiqizo yezimoto zaseChina emakethe yomhlaba.

Isimo esishintshayo semakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha emhlabeni wonke kuveza kokubili izinselelo namathuba. Ngokusebenzisa amandla amasha nokwesekwa kwenqubomgomo, imboni yezimoto zamandla entsha yaseChina ithatha isikhundla esiphambili emakethe yomhlaba. Bebhekene nokulungiswa okwenziwa abakhiqizi bezimoto baseYurophu nabaseMelika, abakhiqizi bezimoto baseShayina kufanele baqhubeke nokusebenzisa amandla abo, bakhuthaze intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kwezimakethe, futhi banikeze izinketho zokuhamba ezingcono zabathengi emhlabeni wonke. Sibheke ngabomvu ukubambisana nozakwethu abaningi bamazwe ngamazwe ukuze sikhuthaze ngokuhlanganyela ukuthandwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla.

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