Ukukhuphuka kobuchwepheshe obusha bezimoto zamandla: inkathi entsha yokuqamba kanye nokusebenzisana

1. Izinqubomgomo zikazwelonke zisiza ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuthunyelwa kwezimoto ngaphandle

Muva nje, i-China National Certification and Accreditation Administration yethule iphrojekthi yokuhlola yesitifiketi somkhiqizo oyimpoqo (isitifiketi se-CCC) embonini yezimoto, ephawula ukuqiniswa okwengeziwe kwengqalasizinda yezinga lokuthekelisa izimoto zezwe lami. Njengoba izimoto zezwe lami ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zifinyelela ezigidini ezingu-5.859 zamayunithi ngo-2024, zikleliswe kuqala ohlwini lokuthekelisa izimoto emhlabeni wonke, le nqubomgomo ye-National Certification and Accreditation Administration izohlinzeka ngokusekela okuqinile Imoto yamaShayina izinkampani ezizoqhudelana

emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe.

Emakethe yomhlaba, amazwe anezidingo eziqinile ezikhulayo zokuhlukahluka nokwenza kube ngokwakho imikhiqizo yezimoto, ikakhulukazi mayelana nesitifiketi sohlobo, imithetho yemvelo kanye nokuphepha kwedatha. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalezi zinselelo, umsebenzi wokuhlola weNational Certification and Accreditation Administration uzokhuthaza izikhungo zokunikeza izitifiketi nokuhlola izimoto ukuze kuqiniswe ukubambisana nokwakha phesheya kwezilwandle, futhi unikeze izinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina ulwazi olunembe kakhulu nolusebenza kahle ngendawo yemakethe, izinqubomgomo nemithethonqubo, kanye nezinhlelo zokunikeza izitifiketi nokuhlola. Lokhu ngeke kusize nje ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwamanye amazwe ezimotweni zezwe lami, kodwa futhi kuzohlinzeka ngesisekelo esithembekile sokubambisana nabadayisi bangaphandle.

2. Ukuqamba okusha kwezobuchwepheshe kuhola imakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha

Emkhakheni weizimoto ezintsha zamandla, ukusungulwa kwezobuchwepheshe kuyi-

amandla abalulekile okuthuthukisa imakethe. Ngokwemininingwane evela ku-China Passenger Car Association, kusukela ngoJuni 1 kuya ku-8, 2023, inani lemakethe yamandla entsha yezimoto zabagibeli lifinyelele izimoto ezingama-202,000, ukukhuphuka konyaka ngama-40%, kanti izinga lokungena kwemakethe yamandla elisha lifinyelele ku-58.8%. Le datha ngokungangabazeki ifake umfutho oqinile ekuthuthukisweni okunamandla kwemboni yezimoto ezintsha zezwe lami.

Mayelana nokuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe, i-Xiaomi Automobile Technology Co., Ltd. isanda kuthola ukugunyazwa kwelungelo lobunikazi “lendlela yokuqalisa i-chip, i-chip yeleveli yesistimu nemoto”. Ukutholwa kwale patent kuzosiza ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuqalisa se-chip yeleveli yesistimu, kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi kuthuthukise ulwazi lomsebenzisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Seres Automobile Co., Ltd. nayo yenze impumelelo entsha emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe bokulawula izimoto. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwelungelo lobunikazi "lendlela yokulawula ukuthinta, isistimu nemoto" kuthola ukulawula imoto ngokubona ukuthinta komsebenzisi, okuthuthukisa ulwazi lwemoto yomsebenzisi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Dongfeng Motor Group nayo yenze intuthuko entsha emkhakheni wokushayela ngokuzenzakalelayo. Isicelo sayo selungelo lobunikazi "lendlela yokulawula izinqumo zokushayela ngokuzenzakalelayo, idivayisi kanye nemoto" seyenziwe esidlangalaleni, okuhlanganisa imodeli yokufunda yokuqinisa ejulile kanye nemodeli yokuphepha ezwela umthwalo wemfanelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwemoto phakathi nokushayela ukuzimela. Lezi zindlela ezintsha zobuchwepheshe azithuthukisi izinga lobuhlakani bezimoto ezintsha zamandla, kodwa futhi zinikeza abathengi umuzwa wokuhamba ophephile nolula kakhulu.

3. Ukubambisana Kwamazwe Ngamazwe kanye Namathuba Emakethe

Emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe, imboni yezimoto ibone ukubambisana njalo nokutshalwa kwezimali. UNgqongqoshe Wezomnotho waseMexico uMarcelo Ebrard uthe izitshalo eziningi zeGM eMexico zisebenza ngokujwayelekile futhi akukho kuvalwa noma ukudilizwa okulindelekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-GM iphinde ihlele ukutshala imali engaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezine zamaRandi ezitshalweni ezintathu e-United States eminyakeni emibili ezayo ukuze kwandiswe ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlobo zayo ezithengiswa kakhulu. Lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali akukhombisi nje kuphela ukuzethemba kwe-GM emakethe, kodwa futhi kunikeza amathuba amasha okubambisana kwamanye amazwe.

I-CEO ye-Tesla u-Elon Musk umemezele ukuthi imoto yokuqala ye-Tesla engakwazi ukuzishayela isuka emgqeni wokukhiqiza wefekthri ukuya ekhaya lekhasimende izothunyelwa ngoJuni 28, okumaka ingqophamlando entsha kubuchwepheshe bokushayela obuzimele bukaTesla. Le nqubekelaphambili ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwemakethe kaTesla, kodwa futhi ibeka uphawu lokubheka inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe embonini yezimoto yomhlaba wonke.

IToyota Motor kanye neDaimler Truck sebefinyelele esivumelwaneni sokugcina sokuhlanganisa iHino Motors, inkampani engaphansi kweToyota, kanye neMitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus, inkampani engaphansi kweDaimler Truck. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuzokwenza ukubambisana ekuthuthukisweni, ekuthengeni nasekukhiqizweni kwezimoto zezentengiselwano, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubekisele phambili nokuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwalezi zinkampani ezimbili emakethe yezimoto ezihwebayo.

Imakethe yezimoto zamandla entsha yaseChina isesigabeni sokuthuthuka ngokushesha. Ukusekelwa kwezinqubomgomo zikazwelonke, ukugqugquzelwa kokusungulwa kwezobuchwepheshe kanye namathuba okubambisana emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe kunikeze izinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina indawo ebanzi yokuthuthukiswa. Simema ngobuqotho abadayisi bangaphandle ukuthi basebenzisane nathi ukuze sithuthukise ngokuhlanganyela imakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha futhi sizuze ikusasa elizuzisayo neliwinayo.

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